Bio - Cells (Cellular Respiration)

Energy

Is the ability to do work and is in the muscle cells.

Cellular Respiration

Takes place in the mitochondria and is a chemical process.

ATP (high energy)

Turns to ADP (low energy) when phosphates are lost, is able to recharge.

Phosphates broken

Releases energy.

Phosphates formed

Energy stored.

Molecules get broken down

To release energy (ATP) for cellular functions.

The cells of living things

All undergo respiration.

Mitochondria structural functions

Inner membrane - cristae + outer membrane - liquid matrix.

Outer Membrane

Controls the entry/exit for substances that are needed/produced for respiration.

Inner Membrane

Has folds called cristae to increase the surface area for chemical reactions to place (the larger the surface area the more ATP is produced).

Liquid Matrix

Contains many enzymes which help accelerate the breakdown of pyravate to carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2O).

Two types of Cellular Respiration (Mitochondria + Cytoplasm)

Anerobic + Aerobic.

Aerobic

Uses oxygen, in mitochondria - produces 36 ATP.

Anaerobic

Doesn’t use oxygen, in cytoplasm - produces only 2 ATP.

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Occurs in animal cells when oxygen is absent.

Alcoholic Fermentation

Occurs in plants and yeast when oxygen is absent.