Anatomy of Skull Bones and Sutures: Key Landmarks and Foramina

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Last updated 6:26 AM on 4/9/26
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164 Terms

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Supraorbital foramen

Frontal bone - above eye socket

<p>Frontal bone - above eye socket</p>
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Orbit

Frontal bone - eye socket

<p>Frontal bone - eye socket</p>
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Supraorbital margin

Frontal bone - upper orbit rim

<p>Frontal bone - upper orbit rim</p>
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Sagittal suture

Between parietal bones

<p>Between parietal bones</p>
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Lambdoid suture

Between parietal and occipital bones

<p>Between parietal and occipital bones</p>
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Squamous suture

Between parietal and temporal bones

<p>Between parietal and temporal bones</p>
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Mandibular fossa

Temporal bone - articulation with mandible

<p>Temporal bone - articulation with mandible</p>
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External auditory meatus

Temporal bone - ear canal opening

<p>Temporal bone - ear canal opening</p>
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Internal auditory meatus

Temporal bone - inner ear canal

<p>Temporal bone - inner ear canal</p>
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Coronal suture

Between frontal and parietal bones

<p>Between frontal and parietal bones</p>
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Styloid process

Temporal bone - thin pointed projection

<p>Temporal bone - thin pointed projection</p>
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Mastoid process

Temporal bone - rounded bump behind ear

<p>Temporal bone - rounded bump behind ear</p>
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Stylomastoid foramen

Temporal bone - between styloid and mastoid

<p>Temporal bone - between styloid and mastoid</p>
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Jugular foramen

Temporal/occipital region - large base opening

<p>Temporal/occipital region - large base opening</p>
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Carotid canal

Temporal bone - carotid artery passage

<p>Temporal bone - carotid artery passage</p>
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Petrous portion

Temporal bone - dense inner region

<p>Temporal bone - dense inner region</p>
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Zygomatic process

Temporal bone - cheek arch

<p>Temporal bone - cheek arch</p>
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Occipital condyle

Occipital bone - articulates with atlas

<p>Occipital bone - articulates with atlas</p>
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Foramen magnum

Occipital bone - spinal cord opening

<p>Occipital bone - spinal cord opening</p>
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Hypoglossal canal

Occipital bone - near condyles

<p>Occipital bone - near condyles</p>
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External occipital protuberance

Occipital bone - posterior skull bump

<p>Occipital bone - posterior skull bump</p>
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Incus

Auditory ossicle - anvil

<p>Auditory ossicle - anvil</p>
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Stapes

Auditory ossicle - stirrup

<p>Auditory ossicle - stirrup</p>
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Malleus

Auditory ossicle - hammer

<p>Auditory ossicle - hammer</p>
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Sella turcica

Sphenoid bone - pituitary seat

<p>Sphenoid bone - pituitary seat</p>
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Greater wing

Sphenoid bone - lateral wing

<p>Sphenoid bone - lateral wing</p>
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Lesser wing

Sphenoid bone - superior wing

<p>Sphenoid bone - superior wing</p>
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Pterygoid process

Sphenoid bone - inferior projections

<p>Sphenoid bone - inferior projections</p>
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Optic groove

Sphenoid bone - optic chiasm area

<p>Sphenoid bone - optic chiasm area</p>
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Optic foramen

Sphenoid bone - optic nerve opening

<p>Sphenoid bone - optic nerve opening</p>
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Superior orbital fissure

Sphenoid bone - slit in orbit

<p>Sphenoid bone - slit in orbit</p>
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Foramen rotundum

Sphenoid bone - round opening

<p>Sphenoid bone - round opening</p>
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Foramen ovale

Sphenoid bone - oval opening

<p>Sphenoid bone - oval opening</p>
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Foramen spinosum

Sphenoid bone - small spine opening

<p>Sphenoid bone - small spine opening</p>
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Cribriform plate

Ethmoid bone - olfactory holes

<p>Ethmoid bone - olfactory holes</p>
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Crista galli

Ethmoid bone - vertical ridge

<p>Ethmoid bone - vertical ridge</p>
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Perpendicular plate

Ethmoid bone - nasal septum

<p>Ethmoid bone - nasal septum</p>
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Superior nasal concha

Ethmoid bone - upper nasal shelf

<p>Ethmoid bone - upper nasal shelf</p>
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Middle nasal concha

Ethmoid bone - middle nasal shelf

<p>Ethmoid bone - middle nasal shelf</p>
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Body of mandible

Mandible - chin portion

<p>Mandible - chin portion</p>
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Alveolar margin

Mandible/maxilla - tooth sockets

<p>Mandible/maxilla - tooth sockets</p>
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Ramus of mandible

Mandible - vertical branch

<p>Mandible - vertical branch</p>
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Mandibular angle

Mandible - jaw angle

<p>Mandible - jaw angle</p>
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Mandibular condyle

Mandible - TMJ articulation

<p>Mandible - TMJ articulation</p>
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Coronoid process

Mandible - anterior superior projection

<p>Mandible - anterior superior projection</p>
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Mandibular notch

Mandible - between condyle and coronoid

<p>Mandible - between condyle and coronoid</p>
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Mental foramen

Mandible - chin opening

<p>Mandible - chin opening</p>
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Palatine process

Maxilla - hard palate

<p>Maxilla - hard palate</p>
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Incisive foramen

Maxilla - anterior palate opening

<p>Maxilla - anterior palate opening</p>
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Inferior orbital fissure

Maxilla - floor of orbit

<p>Maxilla - floor of orbit</p>
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Infraorbital foramen

Maxilla - below orbit

<p>Maxilla - below orbit</p>
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Temporal process of zygomatic

Zygomatic bone - cheek arch

<p>Zygomatic bone - cheek arch</p>
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Lacrimal fossa

Lacrimal bone - tear groove

<p>Lacrimal bone - tear groove</p>
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Horizontal plate

Palatine bone - posterior hard palate

<p>Palatine bone - posterior hard palate</p>
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Palatine foramen

Palatine bone - posterior palate opening

<p>Palatine bone - posterior palate opening</p>
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Vomer

Nasal septum inferior portion

<p>Nasal septum inferior portion</p>
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Inferior nasal concha

Lower nasal shelf

<p>Lower nasal shelf</p>
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Body of hyoid

Hyoid - central body

<p>Hyoid - central body</p>
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Lesser horn

Hyoid - small cornua

<p>Hyoid - small cornua</p>
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Greater horn

Hyoid - large cornua

<p>Hyoid - large cornua</p>
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Vertebral body

Typical vertebra - weight bearing

<p>Typical vertebra - weight bearing</p>
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Pedicle

Typical vertebra - bridge to arch

<p>Typical vertebra - bridge to arch</p>
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Vertebral foramen

Typical vertebra - spinal cord opening

<p>Typical vertebra - spinal cord opening</p>
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Spinous process

Typical vertebra - posterior projection

<p>Typical vertebra - posterior projection</p>
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Transverse process

Typical vertebra - lateral projection

<p>Typical vertebra - lateral projection</p>
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Superior articular facet

Typical vertebra - upper articulation

<p>Typical vertebra - upper articulation</p>
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Inferior articular facet

Typical vertebra - lower articulation

<p>Typical vertebra - lower articulation</p>
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Transverse foramen

Cervical vertebrae only

<p>Cervical vertebrae only</p>
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Atlas

C1 - no body

<p>C1 - no body</p>
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Axis

C2 - dens

<p>C2 - dens</p>
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Dens

Axis - odontoid process

<p>Axis - odontoid process</p>
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Rib facet

Thoracic vertebra - rib articulation

<p>Thoracic vertebra - rib articulation</p>
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Sacral promontory

Sacrum - anterior ridge

<p>Sacrum - anterior ridge</p>
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Median sacral crest

Sacrum - posterior midline ridge

<p>Sacrum - posterior midline ridge</p>
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Sacral canal

Sacrum - continuation of vertebral canal

<p>Sacrum - continuation of vertebral canal</p>
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Sacral hiatus

Sacrum - inferior opening

<p>Sacrum - inferior opening</p>
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Auricular surface

Sacrum - SI joint surface

<p>Sacrum - SI joint surface</p>
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Sacral cornu

Sacrum - hornlike projections

<p>Sacrum - hornlike projections</p>
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Ala of sacrum

Sacrum - wing

<p>Sacrum - wing</p>
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Manubrium

Sternum - superior portion

<p>Sternum - superior portion</p>
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Body of sternum

Sternum - middle portion

<p>Sternum - middle portion</p>
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Xiphoid process

Sternum - inferior tip

<p>Sternum - inferior tip</p>
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Head of rib

Rib - vertebral articulation

<p>Rib - vertebral articulation</p>
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Neck of rib

Rib - between head and tubercle

<p>Rib - between head and tubercle</p>
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Tubercle of rib

Rib - transverse facet articulation

<p>Rib - transverse facet articulation</p>
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Sternal end

Clavicle - medial end

<p>Clavicle - medial end</p>
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Acromial end

Clavicle - lateral end

<p>Clavicle - lateral end</p>
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Coracoid process

Scapula - hooklike anterior projection

<p>Scapula - hooklike anterior projection</p>
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Scapular spine

Scapula - posterior ridge

<p>Scapula - posterior ridge</p>
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Acromion

Scapula - shoulder tip

<p>Scapula - shoulder tip</p>
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Glenoid cavity

Scapula - humerus socket

<p>Scapula - humerus socket</p>
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Suprascapular notch

Scapula - superior notch

<p>Scapula - superior notch</p>
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Infraspinous fossa

Scapula - below spine

<p>Scapula - below spine</p>
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Supraspinous fossa

Scapula - above spine

<p>Scapula - above spine</p>
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Subscapular fossa

Scapula - anterior depression

<p>Scapula - anterior depression</p>
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Head of humerus

Humerus - proximal ball

<p>Humerus - proximal ball</p>
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Anatomical neck

Humerus - below head

<p>Humerus - below head</p>
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Surgical neck

Humerus - fracture site

<p>Humerus - fracture site</p>
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Greater tubercle

Humerus - lateral bump

<p>Humerus - lateral bump</p>
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Lesser tubercle

Humerus - anterior bump

<p>Humerus - anterior bump</p>