a&p flashcard 4

Cytoplasm

What is the network of organelles suspended in liquid cytosol called?

Cytoskeleton

What provides the supportive framework within a cell?

Skin

What is another term for the integumentary system?

Keeps out pathogens

prevents water loss

Epidermis

dermis

Epidermis

What is the outer layer of the skin?

Stratified squamous epithelium

What tissue type makes up the epidermis?

Stratum corneum

stratum lucidum (palms

Stratum basale (stratum germinativum)

What is the deepest layer of the epidermis containing melanocytes and keratinocytes?

Dermis

Which skin layer contains connective tissue

Papillary and Reticular

What are the two main layers of the dermis?

Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles

What sensory receptor in the dermis responds to heavy pressure?

Tactile (Meissner’s) corpuscles

What sensory receptor in the dermis senses light touch?

Free nerve endings

What sensory receptors in the dermis respond to temperature changes or tissue damage?

Basement membrane

What structure connects the epidermis to the dermis?

Subcutaneous Layer or Hypodermis

What is the layer beneath the dermis called?

Areolar and Adipose

What tissues form subcutaneous tissue?

Rete Cutaneum

What is the network formed by blood vessels between the dermis and subcutaneous layer?

Keratin

What fibrous protein accumulates in the stratum corneum of the epidermis and makes it waterproof?

Stratum Corneum

What skin layer is formed when epidermal cells become keratinized and tightly packed?

Sebaceous or Apocrine Glands

What glands are usually associated with hair follicles?

Sebum

What oily material that keeps hair and skin moist is secreted by sebaceous glands?

Holocrine glands

What type of glands are sebaceous glands?

Palms and Soles

Where are sebaceous glands not found on the body?

Eccrine and Apocrine

What are the two types of skin glands with water-based secretions?

Eccrine (Merocrine) Glands

What type of glands produce sweat

Apocrine Glands

What type of skin glands cause body odor when their secretions are metabolized by bacteria?

Nails and Hair

What skin accessory organs contain keratin?

Palms

Soles

Nail Plate

Nail Bed

Lunula

What is the active growing part of the nail called?

Providing structure

producing blood cells

Long

Short

Long Bone

What type of bone has longitudinal axes and wider epiphyses (ends

Short Bones

What type of bone shape is cubelike

Flat Bones

What type of bone type is thin and has red marrow

Irregular Bones

What type of bone type has a variety of shapes like the mandible and vertebrae?

Small

nodular bones embedded in tendons adjacent to joints

Patella (kneecap)

What is an example of a sesamoid bone?

Vertebrae and facial bones

What are examples of irregular bones?

Ribs

sternum

Wrist bones (carpals) and ankle bones (tarsals)

What are examples of short bones?

Radius

ulna

Osteocytes

What mature bone cells are arranged in bony chambers called lacunae?

Central (Haversian) Canals

What do lamellae form concentric circles around?

Osteoclasts

What are cells called that break down calcified bone matrix?

Epiphyses or physes (singular epiphysis or physis)

What are the ends of long bones called?

Diaphysis

What is the shaft of a long bone called?

Compact Bone

What type of bone tissue forms the outer layer of a bone?

Compact Bone or Dense Bone

What is another term for cortical bone?