Dermatology Lecture Review

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to dermatology, focusing on skin disorders, their pharmacotherapy, and treatments as discussed in the lecture.

Macule

A flat discoloration of the skin, less than 1 cm in size.

Papule

A solid elevation of the skin, typically less than 1 cm.

Vesicle

A fluid-filled lesion of the skin, less than 1 cm.

Pustule

A vesicle-like lesion containing purulent material.

Bulla

A fluid-filled lesion of the skin, greater than 1 cm.

Erosion

Loss of the epidermis layer of the skin.

Ulcer

Loss of both the epidermis and dermis.

Patch

A flat area of skin discoloration that is larger than a macule.

Plaque

A raised lesion, which may be the same or a different color than the surrounding skin.

Wheal

A circumcised area of skin edema.

Purpura

A flat red-purple discoloration caused by red blood cells lodged in the skin.

Cyst

A raised lesion that is encapsulated and fluid-filled.

Excoriation

An area of skin that has been scratched or abraded.

Lichenification

Thickening of the skin with exaggerated skin lines.

Scales

Flakes of skin that arise from the outer layer of the epidermis.

Annular lesions

Lesions that form in circular patterns.

Dermatology

The branch of medicine dealing with the skin and its disorders.

Topical corticosteroids

Anti-inflammatory medications applied directly to the skin to treat skin disorders.

Emollients

Substances used to moisturize and soften the skin.

Topical antifungals

Medications applied to the skin to treat fungal infections.

Impétigo

A contagious skin infection caused primarily by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.

Furuncles

Deeper infections of hair follicles, often resulting in pain and pus formation.

Carbuncles

Multiple interconnected furuncles that create a systemic infection.

Cellulitis

An infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues characterized by redness, warmth, and swelling.

Erysipelas

A superficial variant of cellulitis with sharply demarcated borders, often caused by strep bacteria.

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A common skin cancer that typically does not metastasize.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A type of skin cancer that may metastasize and arises from actinic keratoses.

Malignant Melanoma

A serious form of skin cancer characterized by changes in existing moles or new skin lesions.

Actinic Keratosis

A precancerous condition where rough, scaly patches appear on sun-exposed skin.

Alopecia

Hair loss that can be scarring or non-scarring.

Atopic Dermatitis

A form of eczema characterized by itching, dry patches, and often related to other allergic diseases.

Contact Dermatitis

A skin reaction resulting from exposure to irritants or allergens.

Candida Albicans

A yeast that can cause infections, notably 'diaper rash'.

Herpes Simplex Virus

A viral infection that causes blistering lesions, categorized into HSV I (oral) and HSV II (genital).

Scabies

An infestation of the skin by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, causing intense itching and rash.

Warts

Benign tumors caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), characterized by rough papules.

Pityriasis Rosea

A self-limiting skin rash that starts with a herald patch followed by smaller lesions.