DNA and RNA

Two sides or strands of DNA that twist together like a twisted ladder.

What is the double helix?

in the nucleus of every human cell

Where is DNA found?

Yes, from one generation to another.

Does DNA get pass on?

Guides the cell (along with RNA) in making new proteins that determine all of our biological traits

What does DNA do?

Building blocks of nucleic acid.

What is a nucleotide?

2 long chains

How many chains of nucleotides is DNA made of?

- 5-carbon sugar
- phosphate group
- nitrogenous base

What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?

deoxyribose

What is the 5-carbon sugar in nucleotide of DNA?

nitrogen and carbon atoms

What does the nitrogenous base part of a nucleotide in DNA contain?

An antiparallel double helix

What can you think of DNA structure as?

Connect the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next nucleotide.

What do covalent bonds do in DNA structure?

- thymine (T)
- cytosine (C)
- adenine (A)
- guanine (G)

What are the 4 nitrogenous bases?

nitrogenous bases of the nucleotides where adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) and cytosine (C) with guanine (G)

What are the "steps" of the DNA structure/"staircase"?

Two complimentary nucleotides (purine with pyrimidine) bound together by hydrogen bonds.

What is each base pair formed from?

A weak chemical bond that occurs between hydrogen atoms and more electronegative atoms, like oxygen, nitrogen and flourine.

What is a hydrogen bond?

Bases that have a double ring of carbon & nitrogen atoms (
Adenine (A) and Guanine (G))

What are purines?

Bases that have a single ring of carbon & nitrogen atoms (
Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T))

What are pyridimines?

On opposite DNA strands:
- Adenine (A) with Thymine (T)
- Cytosine (C) with Guanine (G)

What are the complementary base pairs in DNA?

Each pair contains one purine & one pyridimine

What is the complementary base pair rule?

The order of nitrogenous bases on a chain of DNA.

What is base sequence?

TAAG

What would the complementary sequence for ATTC be?