MN204 Week 7: Data, Databases & Big Data Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering Data Management, DBMS, Big Data, Data Warehousing, and Knowledge Management based on Week 7 Lecture 1 notes.

Data

The fuel for business used to make decisions, improve performance, and find new ideas.

Clickstream data

Information regarding what users do on websites.

GDPR

EU Law designed to protect personal data.

Data Governance

The management of data across an entire company, including rules, policies, security, storage, and usage.

Master Data

Important core data about entities like customers, products, and employees, aimed at providing 'one version of truth.'

Bit

The smallest unit in the data hierarchy.

Database Management System (DBMS)

Software that manages databases and solves problems like data redundancy, isolation, and inconsistency.

Data Integrity

The practice of keeping data correct within a database system.

Entity

An object in a relational database model, such as a customer.

Instance

One row of data within a table.

Attribute

Specific information about an entity, represented as columns in a table.

Primary Key

A unique ID for each row in a table.

Foreign Key

A field that links tables together in a relational database model.

Big Data

Huge amounts of data that are too large for normal systems, characterized by high volume, velocity, and variety.

NoSQL

Databases designed to handle large, flexible data sets.

Hadoop

A big data processing system.

MapReduce

A tool used to process large data sets.

Data Warehouse

A large storage system containing historical business data used for strategic decision making.

Data Mart

A smaller, cheaper, and faster-access version of a data warehouse designed for a specific team or department.

Data Lake

A big storage area for raw, less organized data such as social media posts, videos, and customer clicks.

Non-Volatile

A characteristic of data warehouses where data is stable and usually not changed.

OLAP (Online Analytical Processing)

Technology that helps businesses analyze trends, compare information, and make reports quickly.

ETL

The data integration process consisting of Extract, Transform, and Load.

Metadata

Known as 'data about data,' providing details like file names, data type, and date created.

Knowledge Management (KM)

The process of managing and sharing important company knowledge to improve decision making and learning.

Explicit Knowledge

Knowledge that is easy to record and share, such as manuals, reports, and documents.

Tacit Knowledge

Personal experience and skills, like problem-solving ability, which are harder to record.

SQL (Structured Query Language)

A query language used to search, update, and manage data in databases.

QBE (Query By Example)

A visual and simple way to search databases, often used by beginners.

Entity Relationship Modelling (ERD)

A diagram showing how data entities connect to one another.

Cardinality

A measurement in ERDs showing how many entities can connect, such as One-to-One, One-to-Many, or Many-to-Many.