electricity

atoms

very small particles that all matter is made up of, protons, neutrons, and electrons

What are the different types of charges a object could have

positive, negative, or none

What do charged objects do to other charge objects

exert a force on them

Law of electric charges

states that like charges repel, or push away, and opposite charges Attract

do protons and electrons attract or repel

attract, they have opposite charges

electric force

the force between two charged objects

What does size of electric force depend on

How great the charge is and how close the charges are to each other

electric field

The region around a charged object in which an electric force is exerted on another charged object

what ratio of protons to electrons do atoms have

1:1 equal amount (no charge)

What happens when an atom loses electrons

It becomes positively charged

What happens when an atom gains electrons

It becomes negatively charged

Charging by friction

When electrons are wiped from one object onto another

Charging by conduction

When electrons move from one object to another by direct contact

What happens when electrons from a piece of metal move to a glass rod

The metal will be positively charged because it lost electrons

charging by induction

When charges in an Uncharged metal object are rearranged without direct contact with a charged object

Conservation of charge

When you charge something by any method no charges are created or destroyed

conductors

Material in which charges can move easily

insulators

Material in which charges cannot move easily

Static electricity

Electric charge at rest, generally produced by friction or induction

static cling

Build up of charges on clothes

Electric discharge

the release of electricity stored in a source

magnet

any material that attracts iron or materials containing iron

how many poles do magnets have and what do they do to each other

2, exert forces and are surrounded by a magnetic field

Magnetic poles

Points on a magnet that have opposite magnetic qualities

Where are the strongest effects on a bar magnet

near the ends/poles

What polls will magnet always have

north and south, north always points north which is magnetic south

Magnetic force

The force of attraction or repulsion, is generated by moving or spinning electric charges in the magnets, universal force

Magnetic field

Exists in the region around a magnet in which magnetic forces can act

What determines if a material is magnetic

its atoms

How do electrons make a magnetic field

move around, most of the time the magnetic fields of individual atoms cancel each other out

domains

tiny areas that hold groups of atoms in materials like iron, atoms of domains line up and make a magnetic field

do domains of magnets always stay lined up, if not what happens when they move

no, it demagnetizes

How can you demagnetize a magnet

drop it, hit it, raising the temperature, or putting it in a strong magnetic field

How can you make a magnet out of an iron nail

Rub a magnet in One Direction on the nail, you are aligning the domains

If you cut a magnet in pieces, will there still be a North and South Pole

yes

ferromagnets

Have strong magnetic properties and are made from Iron, nickel, and Cobalt

electromagnet

A magnet made by an electric current and usually has an iron core

Temporary magnets

Made from materials that are easy to magnetize, these tend to lose their magnetism easily

Permanent magnets

Difficult to magnetize, these tend to keep their magnetic properties longer