Anthropology 5 Lab Written Exam #1 (Microevolutionary forces + Mammal teeth functions)

How does MUTATION change allele/genotype frequencies overtime + Example

Mutation introduces a new variation into a population ex: The introduction of a half green/half brown beetle into an all green population because of a gene mutation

How does NATURAL SELECTION change allele/genotype frequencies overtime + Example

Changes are based on the fitness of individuals in a species

How do ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES (selective forces) change allele/genotype frequencies overtime + Example

Determine the individuals that are best suited for an environment, can change the frequency of particular traits by what is passed down to offspring ex: The bird (environmental pressure) eats more of the green beetles than brown beetles so more brown beetles survive

How does GENETIC VARIATION change allele/genotype frequencies overtime + Example

Some traits are better suited for environments than others ex: The Brown beetles blend into the dirt better than the green beetles

How does GENE FLOW change allele/genotype frequencies overtime + Example

A change due to migration and interbreeding between communities ex: New beetles breed with the brown beetles, spreading the brown beetle genes outside of the original beetle community

How does GENETIC DRIFT change allele/genotype frequencies overtime + Example

A random event that alters allele/genotype frequencies in a population ex:If I accidentley went and stomped out an entire green beetle community, lessening the population with the green allele

How does FOUNDER EFFECT change allele/genotype frequencies overtime + Example

When a small group separates from the parents population and it’s genetic make-up doesnt match the variation of the parent population ex: The amish carrying a rare disease and it being 3% of the human population but 25% of people in the community have it

How does GENETIC BOTTLENECK change allele/genotype frequencies overtime + Example

A large population dramatically reduces in size, then increases in size overtime, when they comne back they have much less than genetic variation compared to before ex: Yellow and grey seals almost go extinct and come back, but now they are all basically yellow

How to spot TEARING teeth

Large Canines, small or missing incisors, jagged molars

How to spot Crushing/Grinding teeth

Large flat surface molars

How to spot Shearing teeth

Teeth look crazy, they overlap weird, and are cusped