american history

immigrant/emigrant, migrant, refugee, displaced person, boat people

immigrant - a person who comes to a country to live there

migrant - a person who stays in the country for a limited period of time

refugee - a person who seeks shelter in another country usually due to a military conflict

dp - someone who lost their home due to war ot natural disaster

boat people - illegal cuban immigrants heading for Miami, Florida

pre-columbian immigration

before Christopher Columbus arrived. people from Asia came to present-day Alaska. Indians or Native Americans were first to live in America (around 20,000 years ago)

Post-Columbian immigration

1. Jamestown (17th century, 1607) - first permanent English settlement in America. English colony (England ruled that place in America). Captain John Smith was a leader there. he made s trict rule “if you don’t work, you don’t eat” and it saved the colony from starving. The Puritans settled later.

2. Mayflower Compact - first political establishment similar to modern-day democrasy made by the Puritans.

3. The Founders - people who came in first 50 years of colonization, established schools, hospitals and legal institution

who were the Puritans?

people from England who wanted to “purify” the church, make it more strict and God-centred. they moved to America to build their own society. they established Mayflower Compact.

who were The Founders and Founding Fathers

The Founders 17th century (1607-1680s) - English settlers who came in the first 50 years of colonization to establish more colonies. They built hospitals, schools and legal institutions

Founding Fathers - the politicians who established Constitution (George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams)

what is colony

A colony is a territory controlled and governed by a foreign country.

the difference between The Indians and The Puritans

1. The Indians (in this context, Native Americans): polytheists (had a lot of gods)

2. The Puritans: monotheists (worshiped a single God)

1. pantheists (respected nature, tried to protect it)

2. wanted to transform nature into the Garden of Eden

1. egalitarian hierarchy (everyone was socially equal equal, but the elders were leaders)

2. respected social pyramid (god, white men, white women, people of color, savages)

The FIRST Wave (17th-18th)

consists of immigrants who took cheap labour force the most.

many Europeans especially Irish escaped from harsh conditions and to get to America, they agreed to Indentured servitude - a certain number of years of work for the person who brought them over

Afro-Americans were captured in Africa to work in America. slave trade increased.

The War of Independence put an end to the first immigration wave

the SECOND wave, year

19th century

70 years immigration

population increased significantly because America opened the territory to the west

a lot of Irish immigrants, every 4th person in New York was Irish

the THIRD wave

the end of 19th - 20th century

Southern and Eastern Europeans (Spain, Italy, Bulgaria, Romania) came to America and saw it as an easy way to get rich quick and return back to their home-country

also, 12 million Jews came and America found it difficult to keep check on all of the immigrants.

Ellis Island - a place where people from other countries first came to America. they were examined there, and only then could enter America

Night Schools for immigrants opened

Reed-Johnson immigration act - no more 150 000 immigrants a year could enter the country. abolition of slavery

the FOURTH wave

Present Days. each request for VISA is viewed equally and individually.

Brain Drain - visa is usually given to skilled, educated people. professionals are welcomed.

Nation of immigrants - is a phrase which means that America is made of people who originally came from other countries or whose ancestors came from other countries.