PE Exam Practice: Sports Science & Health Topics

Vocabulary flashcards based on the lecture notes covering sports psychology, health, nutrition, and training principles.

SMART targets

A goal-setting framework where objectives are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-bound.

Guidance

The methods used by a teacher or coach to transmit information to a performer, which can be visual, verbal, manual, or mechanical.

Arousal

A state of mental and physical readiness or excitement that varies from deep sleep to intense excitement.

Introvert

A personality type characterized by being quiet, shy, and thoughtful; individuals often prefer individual sports with low levels of arousal.

Agression

Behavior intended to harm others, which in sport is often categorized as direct (physical contact) or indirect (aiming at an object).

Physical wellbeing

A state where all body systems are working well, the individual is free from illness and injury, and possesses the ability to carry out everyday tasks.

Emotional wellbeing

A state where an individual feels positive about themselves, is able to cope with stress, and does not have underlying mental health issues.

Social wellbeing

A state where basic human needs (food, clothing, shelter) are met and the individual has friendship, support, and value within society.

Sedentary lifestyle

A lifestyle characterized by a lack of regular physical activity, often involving sitting or lying down for long periods.

Obesity

A condition characterized by being very over fat, often with a Body Mass Index (BMI) over $30$, caused by an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure.

Mesanorph

A somatotype (body type) categorized by a muscular build, broad shoulders, and narrow hips.

Water

A vital nutrient required for hydration to maintain blood volume and regulate body temperature through sweating.

Protein

A macronutrient essential for the growth and repair of muscle tissue.

Carbs

Short for carbohydrates; the body's main source of energy for both aerobic and anaerobic exercise.

Fats

A macronutrient that provides a concentrated source of energy and acts as insulation to help regulate body temperature.

Skeleton

The internal framework of the body that provides support, protection for organs, and points for muscle attachment to allow movement.

Muscles

Fibrous tissues that contract and relax to produce movement in the body.

Fitness testing

The use of standardized tests to measure different components of fitness, helping to identify strengths and weaknesses.

Principles of training

Guidelines used to design effective training programs, such as Specificity, Progression, Overload, and Reversibility.

Training zones

The target range for heart rate during exercise, often calculated as a percentage of maximum heart rate ($220 - \text{age}$).

Warm up

The process of preparing the body for exercise, consisting of a pulse raiser, stretches, and skill-related drills.

Cool down

The process of gradually returning the body to a resting state, helping to remove waste products like lactic acid.

Synovial joint

A highly mobile joint containing a joint capsule and synovial fluid to lubricate movement and reduce friction. Example: ball and socket, hinge, pivot and condyloids