The Lymphatic System and Immunity

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms related to the lymphatic system and immunity, providing definitions for better understanding and retention.

Lymphatic System

A system comprised of cells, tissues, and organs responsible for immunity and returning interstitial fluid to the bloodstream.

Lymphocytes

The primary cells of the lymphatic system that respond to pathogens, abnormal body cells, and foreign proteins.

Lymphatic Vessels

Vessels that carry lymph from peripheral tissues to the venous system, starting from lymphatic capillaries.

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Sites where lymphocytes are formed or mature, including red bone marrow and thymus gland.

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Where lymphocytes are activated and cloned, including lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen.

Lymphedema

A condition caused by blocked lymphatic drainage, leading to swelling and possible accumulation of toxins.

T cells

A type of lymphocyte involved in cell-mediated immunity, including cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells.

B cells

Lymphocytes responsible for antibody-mediated immunity; when activated, they become plasma cells that produce antibodies.

NK Cells

Natural killer cells that attack foreign cells, virus-infected cells, and cancer cells.

Antigen

A substance that stimulates an immune response, can be a pathogen, part of a pathogen, or a foreign compound.

Immunity

The ability of the body to defend against infection, illness, and disease.

Innate Immunity

Nonspecific immunity present from birth that provides immediate defense against infection.

Adaptive Immunity

Specific immunity developed through exposure to antigens, involving T cells and B cells.

Interferons

Proteins released by virus-infected cells that trigger the production of antiviral proteins in nearby cells.

Complement System

A group of proteins that enhance the ability of antibodies to clear pathogens from an organism.

Inflammation

A localized response to injury characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

Fever

An elevated body temperature that can inhibit some pathogens and enhance tissue repair.

Chronic Immune Disorders

Conditions like autoimmune diseases where the immune response is misdirected against the body itself.

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Conditions resulting from inadequate immune responses, such as AIDS.