Passive care lab practical

What are the contraindications for interferential current?

anterior cervical area

through the chest

through the head

pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrilators

abdomen, pelvis, and lumbars of pregnant women in 1st tri

metal implants

epilepsy

areas of hemorrhage

cancer

confused and unreliable patients

damaged skin

unknown etiology

What are the indications of interferential current?

pain

What are the settings for interferential current for acute vs chronic?

premod--> small treatment areas

true interferential --> big treatment areas

chronic --> 0-15 Hz

acute --> 80-150Hz

What are the contraindications to russian?

anterior cervical area

through the chest

through the head

pacemakers

abdomen, pelvis, lumbar in pregnant patients in 1st tri

metal implants

epilepsy

areas of hemorrhage

cancer

confused and unreliable patients

damaged skin

unknown etiology

What should the settings for russian current be for muscle spasm of the back?

2 channels

10:10 for 15-20 min

duty cycle 50%

What is the russian current set up for single muscle spasm?

1 channel

10:10 for 15-20 min

1 electrode by origin and 1 by insertion

What is the protocol for russian current reciprocal muscle re-education?

2 channels (1 on each muscle)

10:50 for 10 min (16% duty cycle)

What are the indications for hi volt?

edema, healing, and decrease spasm

What are the contraindications for high volt?

anterior cervical area

through the chest

pacemakers

abdomen, pelvis, lumbar areas of pregnant women in 1st tri

metal implants

epilepsy

areas of hemorrhage

cancer

confused and unreliable patients

damaged skin

unknown etiology

osteomyelitis

What does (+) high volt attract and when should it be used?

neutrophils and macrophages

used in inflammatory phase

What does (-) high volt attract? When should it be used?

attracts fibroblasts, epidermal cells, and keratinocytes

used during repair/remodeling phase

What high volt should be used for edema?

negative

How long should you do hi volt?

30-90 min

What are the indications for ultrasound?

increase extensibility of collagen fibers of tendons and joint capsules

increase blood flow

increase cell metabolism

increase collagen synthesis

decreased joint stiffness

decreased muscle spasm

enhanced tendon, ligament, and muscle healing

What are the contraindications to ultrasound?

malignancy

hemorrhage

ischemia

thrombus

infection

gonads

eye

areas of pregnant women in GENERAL

spinal cord after laminectomy

plastic and cemented implants

near of over electronic implants

unkown etiology

What is the set up of ultrasound for healing in acute or chronic phase ?

50% pulsed (acute) and 100% continuous (chronic)

no heat

5-10 min

What can you use for a patient with epilepsy?

ultrasound

What are the contraindications for diathermy?

loss of sensation

electronic implants

surgically implanted metal

metal in contact with skin

over cancerous areas

pregnant patient

hemorrhagic areas

ischemic areas

testes

eyes

open growth plates in children

What are the indications for cold laser?

pain, tendinopathy, wound management, rheumatoid and osteoarthritis

What are the contraindications for cold laser?

cancer

pregnancy

avoid direct exposure to eyes

over areas of active hemorrhage

over thyroid gland

directly over open wounds unless covered

epileptic patients

What is the treatment for cold laser to stimulate healing?

low intensity (1-500Hz)

treat for 2-10 minutes

What is the treatment of cold laser to inhibit swelling?

high (1000Hz) for 1-3 minutes

What is the treatment of cold laser for acute pain?

high (1k-3k) for 3-5 minutes

What is the treatment of cold laser for chronic pain?

high (1-3K) 5-10 minutes

What are the contraindications for thermotherapy? (7)

areas of impaired heat sensation

malignancy

thrombophlebitis

hemorrhage

abdomen, pelvis, low back in pregnancy

acute inflammation

confused and unreliable patients

What is the treatment for hydrocollator packs?

158-169* F for 15-20 minutes with 6-8 towels underneath

What is the treatment for paraffin bath?

7-10 layers at 124-139*F for 30 minutes

What is the treatment for infrared lamp?

15-20 minutes

Who should avoid warm whirlpool?

NOT for pregnancy, MS, fever, or incontinence

When should you do contrast bath?

sub-acute or chronic pain

What are the contraindications to cryotherapy?

impaired cold sensation

cold induced uticaria

raynauds disease

cryoglobulinemia

paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria

open wounds

PAD

confused and unreliable patient

What is the treatment time of ice massage?

until the skin is numb or 5-10 min

What are the treatment times for ice bath?

15-20 min (first 5 rest then 15 active ROM)

What is the treatment time for gel pack and ice bag?

15-20 min

What are the contraindications to massage?

arteriosclerosis

thrombosis

severe varicosities

acute phlebitis

cellulitis

synovitis

abscesses and skin infections

acute inflammatory conditions

What are the contraindications to traction?

infection, inflammation, tumor

fracture/dislocation

hypermobility

severe disc herniation

VBAI

spinal stenosis

osteoporosis

aortic aneurysm

abdominal hernia

hypertension

pregnancy