new (all) solutions vocabulary (unit 11)

boiling point elevation

when adding solute makes a liquid boil at a higher temperature

colligative properties

properties that change based on how many particles are dissolved

colloid

a mixture where tiny particles stay spread out and don’t settle

concentrated

a solution with a lot of solute

concentration

how much solute is in a certain amount of solution

dilute

a solution with very little solute

electrolyte

a substance that dissolves into ions and conducts electricity

freezing point depression

when adding solute makes a liquid freeze at a lower temperature

henry’s law

more gas dissolves in a liquid when pressure above it increases

heterogeneous mixture

a mixture where you can see different parts

homogeneous mixture

a mixture that looks the same throughout

immiscible

liquids that do not mix

insoluble

a substance that does not dissolve

miscible

liquids that mix completely

molality

moles of solute per kilogram of solvent

molarity

moles of solute per liter of solution

nonelectrolyte

a substance that dissolves but does not form ions

percent by mass

mass of solute divided by total mass × 100

percent by volume

volume of solute divided by total volume × 100

saturated

a solution holding the maximum amount of solute

solubility

how much solute can dissolve at a certain temperature

solubility curve

a graph showing how solubility changes with temperature

solute

the substance being dissolved

solution

a homogeneous mixture of solute and solvent

soluble

able to dissolve

solvent

the substance doing the dissolving

supersaturated

a solution holding more solute than it normally should

suspension

a mixture where particles settle out over time

unsaturated

a solution that can still dissolve more solute

vapor pressure

the pressure from particles escaping a liquid into the air