IDU PRM flashcards

The Interdisciplinary pre-release material 2023 on electric vehicles

What is EV30@30-PRM1

Global campaign to transition to electric vehicles by 2030

EV30@30 for germany and netherlands-PRM1

One hundered percent of new car sales will be electric

Why are electric cars important: a Greener Future-PRM1

they can drive for 1000km, more affordable and significantly reduce air and water pollution and reduce the dependence of fossil fuels

what do electric cars work on/ how do they work-PRM1

Rechanrgeable batteries and electricity supply

Rechargeable battery lifeline-PRM1

8 years but it is expected to go to 20

why do we need electric cars (Non environmental reason)-PRM1

We need “smarter” and more flexible energy so that supply can match demand to reduce the need for additional peak capacity.

what is peak capacity-PRM1

Peak capacity refers to the amount of power generation capacity that is required to meet the highest level of electricity demand on the electrical grid during a given period of time.

define additional peak capacity-PRM1

Additional peak capacity refers to the extra amount of power generation capacity needed to meet the highest level of electricity demand on the grid during peak usage periods.

projected global sales in 2025-PRM1

10%

projected global sales in 2030-PRM1

28%

projected global sales in 2040-PRM1

58%

CO2 emmisions of electric cars when compared to petrol cars-PRM1

Can lower co2 emmisons by 40% when compared rto electric cars

Charging network infrastructure-PRM 1

Countries need to invest in a national charging network

Charging network infrastructure example-PRM 1

London has more than 500 rapid charge points and 7000 residential charge points. In the US 80% of electric vehicle owners charge their cars at home

which is cheaper to maintain EV or Petrol cars and why?-PRM2

electric vehicles (EV) because there are fewer to maintain

Noise pollution and electric vehicles-PRM2

reduces noise pollution

which car is more expensive electric or petrol-PRM2

electric cars are 30-40% more expensive, and at first there won’t be ,any used electric cars available.

why are petrol cars better for travel-PRM2

electric cars take hours to charge, limiting sustained long distance travel.

why can’t everyone have an eletric car yet (how is electric charging a limitation)-PRM2

A major nationweide investment into electric charging is needed

price of the bionic car (the biofuel car LPG)-PRM3

from 18500

engine of the bionic car-PRM3

1L turbocharged dual fuel engine, combining petrol and LPG capabalities with an LPG only mode

LPG full form-PRM3

Liquefied petroleum gas

range of the bionic car-PRM3

using LPG and petrol they have a combined range of 960km

Bionic cars and air pollution-PRM3

reduce CO2 emmissions of the driver by 10%, ( half a tonne of CO2 a year for average drivers), also reduce NOx (nitrogen oxides) emmissions

LPG biofuel price compared to petrol-PRM3

Since LPG is approximately half of the petrol price you can save up to 800$ on yearly fuel costs

Service and maintenance of a bionic car when compared to petrol cars-PRM3

identical

Price of sustain (the solar car)-PRM3

178500

speed/ rate of charging of sustain when compared to electric cars-PRM3

charges twice as fasr

Average distance of sustain when compared to elkectric cars-PRM3

twice as fast

average number of charges per 10,000 miles in sustain (based on 12 daylight hours and 6 hours are direct sunlight)-PRM3

20

average number of charges per 10,000 miles in electrical vehicles (based on 12 daylight hours and 6 hours are direct sunlight)-PRM3

60

does sustain emit CO2-PRM3

no, it doesnt emit co2

price of terrawatt 2023 electric car-PRM3

38,000$

torque of the terrawatt 2023 electric car-PRM3

320lb-ft max.

horsepower of the terrawatt 2023 electric car-PRM3

260

top speed of terrawatt 2023 electric car-PRM3

140mph

how many seconds for 0-60mph (0-100 km/hr) in the terrawatt 2023 electric car-PRM3

5 seconds

electrical range of the terrawatt 2023 electric car-PRM3

260 miles/418 km

Infinity and beyond (the hydrogen car) price-PRM3

from $68500

refuelling time of Infinity and beyond (the hydrogen car)-PRM3

5 minutes

average range of Infinity and beyond (the hydrogen car)-PRM3

300 miles/ 480km

CO2 emmisions of Infinity and beyond (the hydrogen car)-PRM3

0

How does the Infinity and beyond (the hydrogen car) work-PRM3

oxygen enters through the air vents and enters the oxygen stacks where a combustion reaction occurs in this reaction electricity and water is created and this is why water is the only by product the electricity either goes to the battery or the motor to run the car

what is the Lithium-ion rechargeable battery technology used for-PRM3

known for its low self discharge, high energy density, lightweight, lack of memory effect and long lifespan

where is a lithim ion battery used-PRM4

smartphones, tablets and laptops and electric vehicles.

environmental cost of lithium ion batteries-PRM4

The lithium ion battery aspires to a fossil free society but the batteries are made with cobalt, nickel and manganese.

what is the issue with cobalt usage-PRM4

Most cobalt is mined in Congo. Human rights groups have exposed severe ethical and environmental issues in mining operations such as child labour and pollution.

Where does lithium come from?

more than half of the worlds supply comes from the arid salt flats of the Atacama Desert

What are the issues with lithium? PRM4

lithium uses a significant amounts of groundwater, resulting in a decreased water supply and less accessible water for local agriculture. In the Atacama desert, lithium mining companies have used 65% of the regions water supply.

Tibet chemical leak (issues with lithium)?-PRM4

In 2016, there was large chemical leak at a lithium mine in the tibetian highlands. As a result the river was was severly polluted and several fragile ecosystems on the tibetian plateau were devestated. Thousands of animals, including fish and local wildlife dependent on the river died.

Problems with lithium ion batteries in components of an old lithium batteries in smartphones and laptops?-PRM4

Cannot be easily recycled and end up in landfills. The components are highly flammabnle and responsible for fires and contamination of local environments at waste facilities.

benefits of old lithium ion car batteries from electrical vehicles-PRM4

can be repurposed, research facilities are already working on repurposing lithium ion car batteries in other applications, and car manufacturers are developing cost-effective technologies to recycle 100% of the components from lithium ion car batteries.

perspective of the transport minister on the transition to electrical vehicles- PRM5

“I have real concerns about the lack of electric car charging infrastructure in this country, at the moment, we only have a fraction of the charging stations needed to charge electric cars. The average distance between charging stations in the countryside is 50 miles, this just isn’t practical for most electric car owners”

perspective of a conscentious consumer on the transition to electrical vehicles- PRM5- PRM5

I still cna’t believe that so many people still drive petrol cars. In my country we are already at 30% electrification of all vehicles. This is because our government subsidizes ownership of electric cars, which reduces the price of electric car by 20-30%. Lets get rif of these dirty fossil fuel cars right now

perspective of a self employed delivery driver on the transition to electrical vehicles- PRM5

“I drive my delivery truck in the city every day, all day long. Now the government is telling me I have to pay higher taxes if I dont switch over to an electric truck. I barely make enough money to pay for groceries for my family now I’m expected to pay double the price for a new electric truck. We live in an apartment with no way of chatging an electric vehicle. There are some charging stations in my city, but the nearest one is an hour away from my home. Even if I were able to take the ruck to that charging statgion everyday, it woul still take 8 hours to fully charge the vehicle.”

perspective of an automotive engineer delivery driver on the transition to electrical vehicles- PRM5

“Electric cars are better than their petrol equivalents in a number of ways. Electric vehicles produce zero direct emissions, are 30% quieter, and have a higher energy efficiency than petrol. Electric vehicles are easier to maintain; with fewer parts, they break down less often than petrol cars, and will be on the road for more years than a petrol car”