Circulatory System

artery

blood vessel that carries high pressure blood away from the heart; has a large amount of muscle in the second tunic

vein

blood vessel that carries blood from the body cells back to the heart; has a large lumen area and uses valves to prevent back flow

capillary

location where gas exchange occurs; located near almost every body cell

venules

carries oxygen poor blood; collects blood from the capillaries

arterioles

carries oxygen rich blood; delivers blood to the capillaries

lumen

inside portion of the blood vessel where the blood flows through

tunic

layer that makes up the blood vessel walls

inner tunic layer

made of endothelium

Middle tunic layer

made of smooth muscle and elastic fibers

Outer tunic/layer

made of collagen fibers

tricuspid valve

valve that separates the right atrium and right ventricle

pulmonary vein

Deliver oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium

pulmonary artery

carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

mitral valve

Separates the left atrium and left ventricle

septum

separates that right ventricle and left ventricle

pericardium

Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart.

pericardial cavity

Encloses the heart

epicardium

Covers outer surface of heart

myocardium

Thick middle muscle layer of the heart

coronary sulcus

the groove along the exterior surface of the heart that separates the atria from the ventricles; fat is stored in this area

right atrium

the upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the venae cavae

right ventricle

pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

left atrium

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

left ventricle

pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta

Diastole

relaxation phase of the heartbeat

Systole

contraction phase of the heartbeat

atrioventricular valves

Valves located between the atrial and ventricular chambers on each side of the heart

semilunar valves

pulmonary valve and aortic valve

Erythrocytes

red blood cells

Leukocytes

white blood cells

Thrombocytes

platelets

Plasma

Fluid portion of blood

coronary circulation

circulation of blood through the coronary blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle tissue

systemic circulation

flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to body tissues

pulmonary circulation

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart