Bio 101 Unit 1-5

Adhesion

________- is the ability of different molecules to hydrogen bond to each other.

Cohesion

________- causes water to have a high surface tension because of waters ability to stick to itself, due to hydrogen bonds.

Hydrogen

________ bonding between amino acids creates folds & pleats which give the protein shape and dimension.

DNA

________ is located in the nucleus of the cell & can not leave the nucleus.

Stellar parallax

________- The apparent shift of the position of any nearby star against the background of distant objects.

Hydrogen bonds

________ form solid structures, allowing ice to float in water.

Fats

________ are composed of glycerol and fatty acids to make triglycerides.

Polar

________- atoms are not shared equally.

Proteins

________- composed of amino acids covalently bound (complex)

Solutes

________- the salts or other substances that are dissolved into water.

H+

Water at any given time is made up of ________ and OH- ions.

Evaporative Cooling

________- helps maintain the temperatures of ponds and lakes on hot days as well as terrestrial animals during sweating; occurs because of high heat of vaporization.

Valence electrons

________- around the outer.

Uracil

________ is substituted for Thymine.

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

________- the term used to describe how strongly an atom attracts electrons.

Element

________- a substance that can not be broken down into another substance by ordinary chemical reactions.

molecules

All compounds- are ________.

Vitalism Hypothesis

________- Organic molecules can not come from inorganic things → disproven.

Ions

________ are atoms that are charged because they have lost or gained an electron.

Matter

________- anything that has weight (gravity) and takes up space.

Conjecture

________- the formation or expression of an opinion or hypothesis w /out sufficient evidence.

Little dots

________ are hydrogen bonds.

Acetone

________ is a simple ketone.

Atoms

________ have subatomic particles.

Amino Acids

________ are the building blocks of protein.

number of polypeptide

The ________ chains that produce the fully functional protein.

Carbon

________ always forms covalent bonds.

Starch

________ is a storage polysaccharide for plants composed of glucose monomers.

Structural isomers

________- have different covalent arrangements of their atoms.

Nonpolar

________- atoms share pairs of electrons equally.

Surface Tension

________- hydrogen bonds on the surface of water that forms a film.

Solvent

________- is a substance that can dissolve another substance.

Covalent bonds

________ occur when atom share pairs of electrons to complete their valence shells.

Isotopes

________- atoms of an element that have a different number of neutrons.

Mass

________ is 1 /2000 of a p /n.

Water

________ is an excellent solvent because of its polarity and hydrogen bonds.

Isomers

________- same number of atoms, but different arrangements.

Nucleotides

________ are hooked together using covalent bonds between the sugar of one ________ and the PO4 of the next nucleotide.

Fats

________ are either unsaturated (Double bond) or saturated (no double bond)

Carbon

________ has- 3 different isotopes.

hydrogen bonding

Water expands as it freezes because of ________.

covalent bond

A dashed line- means its a(n) ________.

Unit 1

Science

Intuition

Instinctive

Conjecture

the formation or expression of an opinion or hypothesis w/out sufficient evidence

Stellar parallax

The apparent shift of the position of any nearby star against the background of distant objects

Unit 2

Chemistry

 Matter

anything that has weight (gravity) and takes up space

Element

a substance that cannot be broken down into another substance by ordinary chemical reactions

Oxygen, Nitrogen and carbon

O, N, C

protons

Inside

Neutrons

inside

Electrons

outside

Atomic number

protons

Proton and electron are

always the same number

Isotopes

atoms of an element that have a different number of neutrons

Carbon has

3 different isotopes

Atomic weight

add both together

All compounds

are molecules

Valence electrons

around the outer

Types of covalent bonds

Single, double and triple (the strongest)

A dashed line

means its a covalent bond

Ex

C-H

Nonpolar

atoms share pairs of electrons equally

Polar

atoms are not shared equally

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

the term used to describe how strongly an atom attracts electrons

Water at any given time is made up of H+ and OH

ions

Cohesion

causes water to have a high surface tension because of waters ability to stick to itself, due to hydrogen bonds

Adhesion

is the ability of different molecules to hydrogen bond to each other

Surface Tension

hydrogen bonds on the surface of water that forms a film

Specific Heat

different molecules heat up at different rates, and different materials store different amounts of heat energy

Evaporative Cooling

helps maintain the temperatures of ponds and lakes on hot days as well as terrestrial animals during sweating; occurs because of high heat of vaporization

Heat of Vaporization

the quantity of heat that must be absorbed when 1 gram of a liquid is converted to a gas

Solvent

is a substance that can dissolve another substance

Solutes

the salts or other substances that are dissolved into water

Hydrophilic

water loving

Hydrophobic

water fearing

pH

power of hydrogen

Unit 4

Carbon Atoms

Vitalism Hypothesis

Organic molecules cannot come from inorganic things → disproven

Isomers

same number of atoms, but different arrangements

Structural isomers

have different covalent arrangements of their atoms

Unit 5

Biological Molecules

Sugar

CxH2xOx

Disaccharides

lactose

Polysaccharides

complex carbohydrates ex

Saturated

bad & more hydrogens → forms straight/pact molecules

Unsaturated

good & double bonds

Proteins

composed of amino acids covalently bound (complex)

Bases

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine