Basic Hematology Concepts: Anemias

Vocabulary flashcards covering essential hematology lab values, red cell indices (MCV, MCH), and the characteristics and diagnostics of iron deficiency anemia.

Normal Hemoglobin (Women)

Approximately $12 \text{ to } 18\text{ g/dL}$.

Normal Hemoglobin (Men)

Approximately $14 \text{ to } 17\text{ g/dL}$.

Hematocrit Level

A value that is approximately $3 \times$ the hemoglobin level.

Normal Hematocrit (Women)

Approximately $36 \text{ to } 47\text{\%}$.

Normal Hematocrit (Men)

Approximately $41 \text{ to } 51\text{\%}$.

MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)

A measurement of the size of red blood cells, with a normal range of approximately $80 \text{ to } 100\text{ fL}$.

Normocytic

A description used when the MCV level is within the normal range of $80 \text{ to } 100\text{ fL}$.

Microcytic anemia

A type of anemia occurring when the MCV is low, indicating that the red blood cells are small.

Macrocytic anemia

A type of anemia occurring when the MCV is high, indicating that the red blood cells are large.

MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin)

A measurement of the hemoglobin content or color of red blood cells, with a normal value around $28 \text{ to } 32\text{ pg}$.

Hypochromic

A term for red blood cells that are pale, occurring when the MCH is low.

Normochromic

A term for red blood cells that have a normal color or hemoglobin content.

Iron deficiency anemia

One of the most common microcytic hypochromic anemias where the cells are characterized as small and pale.

PPIs (Proton Pump Inhibitors)

A class of medications listed as a risk factor for iron deficiency anemia due to potential impacts on absorption.

Koilonychia

Spoon-shaped nails, which is a physical presentation associated with iron deficiency anemia.

Pica

A craving for non-food items such as dirt, paper, or ice, often seen in patients with iron deficiency anemia.

TIBC

Total iron binding capacity; a lab test ordered along with serum iron and ferritin to confirm a diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia.