Chapter 8: Violent Offending: General Violence and Homicide

Reactive Violence

Acts of violence characterized by impulsivity, lack of premeditation, and intense negative emotions like anger.

Instrumental Violence

Preplanned violence aimed at achieving secondary goals beyond harming the victim, such as obtaining money.

Homicide

Four types in Canadian law - First-degree murder, Second-degree murder, Infanticide, and Manslaughter.

First-degree Murder

Planned and deliberate murder or under specific conditions, leading to a life sentence with no parole for 25 years.

Second-degree Murder

Intentional homicide without premeditation, punishable by a life sentence with no parole for at least 10 years.

Infanticide

Maternal cause of death of a young infant due to mental disturbance post-childbirth, with a maximum sentence of five years.

Manslaughter

Homicide that is not deliberate or premeditated, resulting in a life sentence with no minimum term for parole eligibility.

Multiple Murder

Involving killing three or more victims, categorized as Mass murder, Spree murder, or Serial murder.

Assault

Unlawful physical aggression graded by severity, including Common assault, Assault with a weapon, Assault causing bodily harm, and Aggravated assault.

Robbery

Theft from a person using violence or threats, including physical violence, weapons, or intimidation to overcome resistance.

Social Learning Theory

Aggression is learned through observation and reinforcement of behavior.

Biosocial Model of Violence

Interaction of biological and social factors leading to criminal violence.

Two Path Model of Criminal Violence

Addresses primary pathways to criminal violence mediated by antisocial parenting.

General Personality and Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Explanation of criminal behavior learned through social processes, including exposure to antisocial role models.

Factors Associated with Violence

Risk factors linked to crime and violence, including static variables like age and marital status predicting violent recidivism.