Creating 2D Art Semester 1 Exam

Line

A continuous mark made by a moving point; horizontal, vertical, diagonal, paralell

Shape

An enclosed area with 2 dimensions; length, width, height

Geometric shapes

Square, circle, triangle, rectangle

Organic shapes

Found in nature, free flowing, leaf

Form

An object with 3 dimensions; width, height, and depth

Geometric forms

Cube, sphere, cube, pyramid

Organic forms

Found in nature; clouds, humans, trees

Color

Visual sensation produced by light and pigment

Color properties

Hue, value, intensity

Space

Actual 3 dimensional space or illusion of space through overlapping or perspective

Texture

How something feels or appears to feel

value

Lightness and darkness of a color

Balance

Way elements of art are arranged to create a sense of stability and equal visual weight; symmetrical, radial, and asymmetrical

Symmetrical

Equal or the same

Asymmetrical

Irregular in shape

Radial

Equal in a circle

Contrast

A difference in the use of 2 elements; rough and smooth or light and dark

Emphasis

Sense of importance given to an area of the work or the focal area of work

Movement

Way elements of art direct a viewers eye through the work, often to a focal area

Pattern

Repetition of one or more elements

Proportion

How parts of an artwork relate to each other in size or scale

Rhythm

Sense of movement in a composition created by repetition of an element

Unity

Quality of wholeness achieved when separate elements work together

Still life

Arrangement of objects that cannot move on their own

Portrait

Image of a person or group of people

Landscape

Image of land and natural objects

Realistic

Subject matter that looks real; representational

Abstract

Identifiable subject matter with simplified or rearranged visual elements

Non objective

No recognizable subject elements

Greek Art

3000 BC - 150 BC, the human body was considered the most beautiful and harmonious object to paint and sculpt

Renaissance

Early 1400-1600; means rebirth of classical Greek art, originated in Italy, great interest in realism, anatomy, and linear perspective; Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo

Cubism

1907- 1920; style of art that emphasized structure and design. This style used broken spaced form worked into flat geometric planes to show more than one side of an object at a time. Pablo Picasso

Impressionism

1870-1910; emphasized the momentary effects of light on color in nature. Claudia Monet

Medium

Single material an artist may use

Mixed Media

Any work of art that uses more than one medium

Contour

Line that defines edges of an object

Grid

Method of measurement; to enlarge a subject in direct proportion to the original

Cart Shadow

The darkest value of the image; it's the actual shadow made by the object blocking the light

Highlight

The brightest value of the image; its the area of a subject directly illuminated by a light source

Reflected Light

A middle range value of the image; its indirect light reflected back on the object

Light Source

The direction from which light emanates

Collage

A combo of visuals from a number of sources

Tone

Smooth transitions in value showing no pencil lines

Hatch

A series of parallel lines that make darker values closer together and light values father apart

Cross Hatch

A series of intersecting lines that form diamonds where they meet. Lines closer together form darker values. Lines farther apart are lighter values.

Stippling

A repetition of individual dots to imply value changes. It is sometimes referred to as Pointillism

Composition

The intentional arrangement of objects to create a focal area, visual movement and unity

Foreground

Objects in the front of a composition that usually contains the subject matter

Middleground

Subject matter located in or near the middle of the composition

Background

The space in the back of the image (negative space)

Negative Space

Unused space

Positive Space

The subject matter itself

Thumbnail Sketch

Small, quick sketches that capture possible compositions

Perspective

The method of drawing used to represent 3D objects on a 2D surface to create an illusion of space. Developed during the Renaissance

Overlapping

Shapes that are closer to the viewer overlap shapes that are father away from the viewer

Aerial Perspective

Creating illusion depth in outdoor scenes by using differences in color and detail

Linear Perspective

A system of drawing in which parallel lines appear to converge, creating the illusion of depth and space.

Horizon Line

A line that divides the sky from the ground and is parallel to the horizon

Vanishing Point

The point on the horizon lines where parallel lines appear to get smaller

J-point Perspective

Only 1 vanishing point and the object is parallel to the viewer

Hue

Name of color

Intensity

Brightness or dullness of a color, hue + its complement

Value

Lightness or darkness of a color

Tint

White + color

Shade

Black + color

Color wheel

A circle with different colored sectors used to show the relationship between colors

Primary

Cannot be mixed; red, blue, and yellow

Secondary

Primary and a primary together; green violet and orange

Intermediate(Tertiary)

Primary and a secondary together; red orange, blue green, yellow orange, etc.

Color Scheme

A specific group of colors

Monochromatic

Color +black or white

Complementary

Colors that are directly opposite on the color wheel

Analogous

3-5 colors next to each other on the color wheel

Cool colors

Remind you of water; blue, green, and violet

Warm Colors

Remind you of the sun; Red, orange, and yellow

Neutral Colors

Black, white, grey, and shades of brown; not found on the color wheel

Brayer

Roller used to apply ink to a surface

Edition

The total number of prints created from a plate

Plate

The surface on which the image is created for printmaking

Print

A single original art work

Monoprint

Type of printmaking that cannot be exactly reproduced. The artist places ink or paint on a surface and prints the image once on paper

Relief Print

A type of printmaking where the artist carves a design into wood or linoleum, apples ink to the surface with a brayer, and the raised surface creates the print`

Artist Criticism

A systematic discussion of an artwork involving, usually, four stages: description, analysis, interpretation, and evaluation

Description

Listing of facts in an art work, such as objects, people, shapes, and color

Analysis

Examination of relationships among the elements of art and facts in an art work often using the principles of design

Interpret

Personal explanation of the meaning of an art work

Judgement

Determines the quality or lasting importance of an art work

Critique

Analysis of a work of art

Opinion

Subjective statement about liking or disliking a work based on personal preference rather than a fact

Aesthetic

Personal or cultural sense of beauty, i.e., qualities that make something pleasing to look at , listen to, touch, smell, or taste

Etiquette

Code of verbal and behavioral expectations in society or in a specific setting such as during a critique, in a classroom, museum, or gallery

Artist's Statement

A brief written statement about an art work by the artist, used to give it context, to explain the work, and/or extend the viewer's connection to the work

Architect

Designs and direct construction of buildings and environmental areas

Graphic Designer

Work with printed words and images to crate visual presentations that attract attention, convey ideas, and sell products

Fine Artist

Creates personal art work that is shown in galleries and purchased by the public

Copyright

The legal right of creative artists or publishers to control to use and reproduction of an original idea and work

Appropriation

The use of borrowed elements in the creation of a new work

Plagiarism

Copying another person's idea or work, claiming it as original and/or not crediting the source

Portfolio

Holds and displays an artist's best work OR an assessment tool that shows a student's progress over time

Sketchbook OR Journal

Records research and development of ideas which visually think and problem solve challenges in the creative process