Unit 1 (Mod 2 and 7) (3 and 6)(4 and 5)

Ecosystem Boundary

A physical space that defines an ecosystem

Biosphere

The global sum of all ecosystems, including land, water, and atmosphere

Competitive Exclusion Principle

Two species competing for the same limiting resource cannot coexist

Resource Partitioning

Two species divide limiting resources by behavior or morphology

Temporal Resource Partitioning

Species divide resources by time of day or by location in an area

Parasitoids

Predators that lay eggs in other organisms

Parasites

Can spread pathogens and helminths (wormlike organisms)

Exotic Species

Species living outside their historical range

Invasive Species

Exotic species causing ecological disruption and harming native species

Biome

Large region with plants & animals adapted to climate.

Habitat

Subset of a biome where a species lives.

Aquatic Biomes

Defined by salinity, depth, and water flow.

Terrestrial Biomes

Defined by temperature, precipitation, and plant growth forms.

Major Terrestrial Groups

Tundra/Taiga, Temperate, Tropical.

Tundra

Cold, treeless, permafrost, slow decomposition.

Taiga (Boreal Forest)

Coniferous evergreen trees, cold winters, short summers, slow decomposition.

Temperate Rainforest

Coastal, moderate temps, high rainfall, slow decomposition.

Temperate Seasonal Forest

Warm summers, cold winters, deciduous broadleaf trees, nutrient-rich soil.

Shrubland (Woodland)

Hot dry summers, mild rainy winters, year-round growing season.

Temperate Grassland (Cold Desert)

Cold winters, hot dry summers, limited growth.

Tropical Rainforest

Warm, wet, frequent rain, high productivity, rapid decomposition.

Savanna (Tropical Seasonal Forest)

Warm, distinct wet/dry seasons, summer rain.

Hot Desert (Subtropical Desert)

Hot, dry, sparse vegetation.

Food Chain/Food Web

Food chain has one straight line of path of energy

Food Webs has at least two interconnected paths

Trophic Cascade

Ripple effect down when removal or add top predator