Fetal Pig Anatomy and Organ Functions: A Study Guide

Abdomen

The part of the body that encloses the stomach, intestines, and liver.

Anus

The opening at the end of the digestive system from which feces (waste) exits the body.

Bronchial tubes

Branching tubes that carry oxygen from the nose and mouth into the lungs.

Cerebrum

The large, rounded structure of the brain.

Coronary vein

Any one of the veins that drains blood from the heart.

Cranium

The portion of the skull enclosing the brain; the braincase.

Diaphragm

A muscle that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities and functioning in respiration.

Epiglottis

The structure that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing.

Esophagus

The tube for the passage of food to the stomach.

Gallbladder

A digestive organ that stores and releases digestive chemicals into the small intestine.

Heart

Pumps blood throughout the organism.

Kidneys

Organs that maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of wastes, which are then excreted as urine.

Large intestine

Absorbs water and transports waste.

Larynx

The part of the respiratory tract that contains the vocal cords.

Liver

A large organ that filters toxins from the blood.

Lung

Transports oxygen into the bloodstream.

Mouth

The first part of the digestive system, where food enters the body.

Ovary

Produces eggs in the female.

Pancreas

A long, irregularly shaped gland that secretes digestive enzymes. produces insulin and glucagon to regulate glucose levels in the bloodstream and secretes digestive enzymes

Pulmonary artery

An artery that carries venous blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.

Rectum

The lower part of the large intestine, where feces are stored before they are excreted.

Salivary glands

Glands located in the mouth that produce saliva to break down carbohydrates.

Scrotum

Contains testicles in the male.

Small intestine

Where most digestion and absorption of food takes place.

Spleen

Stores blood, destroys old blood cells, and filters foreign substances from the blood.

Stomach

An organ that is attached to the esophagus for chemical and mechanical digestion.

Thoracic cavity

Chest cavity including the heart, lungs, and trachea.

Thyroid gland

A gland that produces various hormones, such as triiodothyronine and calcitonin.

Trachea

A thin-walled tube of tissue that carries air to the lungs. Also called windpipe.

Umbilical cord

The flexible structure connecting a fetus with the placenta for food and waste removal.

Ureter

Tubes that transport urine from the kidney to the bladder.

Urethra

Tube that connects the bladder to outside the body.

Urinary bladder

Organ that collects and stores urine.

Umbilical arteries

carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta

umbilical vein

delivers oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus

scrotal sac (male)

contains testes

Genital Papilla (female)

A patch of skin covering the opening of the vagina.

stomach

large muscular sac that continues the mechanical and chemical digestion of food

cardiac sphincter

A circular muscle located between the esophagus and the stomach

pyloric sphincter

Controls passage of food from stomach to small intestine

Villi

Tiny finger-shaped structures that cover the inner surface of the small intestine and provide a large surface area through which digested food is absorbed

pericardium

Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart.

Atria (left and right)

anterior heart chambers (upper)

right atrium holds deoxygenated blood

left atrium holds oxygenated blood

Ventricles (left and rigtht)

the two lower chambers of the heart

thymus glands

large elongated masses extending from the throat region down over the cranial portion of the heart

vena cava (superior and inferior)

These two major veins return blood from the body to the right atrium

carotid arteries

the major arteries that carry blood upward to the head

hard palate in pigs

roof of the mouth

soft plate

Forms a partition between the mouth and nasopharynx; posterior (further back in roof mouth)

glottis

Opening between vocal cords

Tongue

manipulates food for chewing and swallowing; a taste organ

salivary glands

Glands of the mouth that produce saliva, a digestive secretion

brain

an organ of soft nervous tissue contained in the skull of vertebrates, functioning as the coordinating center of sensation and intellectual and nervous activity.

Female posterior lqb

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abdomen labeling

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male posterior

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ventral labeling

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incisions

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full organ labeling

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vental labeling

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Mensentery

a fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

Abdominal aorta

lower descending aorta, takes blood to lower trunk and legs

inferior vena cava

A vein that is the largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from bodily parts below the diaphragm.

adrenal gland

tissue located on top of the kidneys that releases adrenaline and cortisol during states of emotional arousal

testis

male reproductive organ that produces sperm and hormones

Cerebrum

Area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body

Cerebellum

A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills.

Medulla

the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing

spinal cord

Nerves that run up and down the length of the back and transmit most messages between the body and brain

vertebrate in pig

An animal with a backbone; composed of 27 or more vertebrae,

Teeth

develop a set of deciduous teeth (baby teeth)( 8) while in the uterus, with many erupting or close to eruption near birth. While they develop a full set of28 deciduous teeth,

toes

Pigs have four toes on each foot, totaling 16 toes

inside stomach

liquid nutrients

spleen shape

flat

How many kidneys

2

Heart of pig

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Brain labeling

abdomen flashcards

things near heart and heart labeling

under heart and through labeling

(vena cava comes off heart

abdomen #1 labeling

abdoment #2

throat and heart #2

reproductive system labeling

oral cavity

abdomen # 3 labeling

large organ labeling