Treatment Modalities in Psychiatry

Flashcards covering various psychiatric treatment modalities, key psychological theories, and specific therapeutic techniques including CBT, OT, and Aversion Therapy.

Therapy

A term used to describe treatment modalities in psychiatry, such as Occupational, Recreational, or Music therapy, offered within a care setting.

Occupational Therapy (OT)

A prescribed activity focusing on rehabilitation and vocational training that provides the client with the opportunity to choose from various crafts and handwork.

Recreational Therapy

A treatment approach in which patients are allowed access to games and sports (e.g., table tennis, football, swimming) for their pleasure and social relation.

Music Therapy

The practice of giving patients access to listen to music, play instruments, sing, or compose songs to stimulate motivation, enjoyment, and relaxation.

Individual Therapy

A one-on-one therapeutic relationship between a patient and a therapist aimed at helping the patient gain insight and discover self; also known as client-centered therapy.

Carl Rogers

The individual whose work forms the basis of client-centered (individual) therapy.

Group Therapy

A form of psychological treatment where multiple clients meet with a therapist to share, gain personal insight, and improve interpersonal coping strategies.

Aversion Therapy

A therapy used to discourage maladaptive behavior by pairing a noxious stimulus with an undesirable impulse, such as using Antabuse for alcohol abuse.

Antabuse (disulfiram)

An oral medication used in aversion therapy for alcohol abuse that produces violent nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, and sweating when alcohol is consumed.

Behavioural Therapy

A form of psychotherapy based on principles of 'Classical Conditioning' (Ivan Pavlov) and 'Operant Conditioning' (B.F. Skinner) that aims to modify maladaptive behavior patterns.

Flooding

A behavioral therapy technique also known as implosion or implosive therapy.

Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT)

A psychotherapy approach based on the concept of pathological mental processing, focusing on modifying distorted cognitions and maladaptive behaviour.

Aaron Beck

The developer of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy in the 1960s who observation of negative cognitive processing in depressed clients shifted the view from 'ANGER TURNED INWARD'.

CBT Duration

Highly structured and short-term therapy that typically lasts for $12 - 16$ weeks, with re-evaluation required if no improvement is seen within $25$ weeks.

Automatic thoughts

Rapid, often negative cognitive errors that occur without rational analysis, such as arbitrary inference or overgeneralization.

Schemas

Also known as Core Beliefs in the context of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy.

Arbitrary inference

A specific example of an automatic thought identified in CBT.

Socratic questioning

A cognitive technique used to recognize automatic thoughts and schemas.

Activity Scheduling

A behavioral intervention where clients keep a daily log of activities and rate them on a $0$-to-$10$ scale for mastery and pleasure.

Graded Task Assignments

An intervention where an overwhelming task is broken down into subtasks so clients can complete them one step at a time.

Behavioural Rehearsal

A technique using role play to rehearse modifications of maladaptive behaviours that contribute to dysfunctional cognition.

Distraction

Identifying activities to divert clients from intrusive thoughts or depressive ruminations once dysfunctional cognitions have been recognized.