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Name 3 types of landfills
Inert waste, other waste, hazardous waste
Layers in landfill for inert waste
Topsoil, waste, mineral drainage, geological barrier
3 operational areas in inert landfill
Entrance, storage, working area
What should to material undergo before entering a NON HAZARDOUS landfill?
Pre treatment
Layers in non hazardous landfill?
Gas collection manifold, gas extraction wells, waste, leachate recovery
2 basic parts of the landfill structure
sealing layers, drainage system
Rules the operators must abide with landfill
rules, permit, 30 yrs of aftercare, monitor according to rules and permits
How many times per year to monitor groundwater?
3x/yr
How many times per year to monitor leakage?
4x/yr
How many times per year to monitor surface water?
2x/yr
How many times per year to monitor gas?
2x/yr
How many times per year to monitor settling?
1x/yr
Technical reclamation
Geotextiles, gutter and buffer layer
Biological reclamation
soil, vegetation,
What is the gas in landfills made up of 99%?
CO2 and methane
How is landfill gas generated?
Decomposition of waste
what is done with the gas from the landfill?
energy recovery
3 types of bioreactors
Aerobic, anaerobic, hybrid
How do aerobic bioreactors work?
O2 is pumped inside the landfill, decomposition accelerated, toxicity minimised
How do anaerobic bioreactors work?
leachate circulated, methane production is higher than normal. Methane is used more efficiently and the landfill doesn’t need to be monitored for such a long time for methane production.
How do hybrid bioreactors work?
upper layers are subjected to aerobic-anaerobic conditions, speeding up decomposition, methane is produced in the lower part
Advantages of bioreactor landfills?
Stabilise in shorter time, revenue from gas, lower toxicity of waste, reduced handling cost