Chemistry Differnt Tests (igcse edexcel)

lithium ion

crimson red flame

sodium ion

yellow flame

potassium ion

lilac flame

calcium ion

orange red flame

copper ion

blue-green flame

ammonium ion

warm with sodium hydroxide to produce ammonia gas which turns damp red litmus blue

copper ion

when mixed with sodium hydroxide forms a blue precipitate

iron two ion

when mixed with sodium hydroxide forms a green precipitate

iron three ion

when mixed with sodium hydroxide forms a brown precipitate

zinc ion

mix with sodium hydroxide to form a white precipitate which dissolves in excess

calcium ion

when mixed with sodium hydroxide forms a white precipitate insoluble in excess

aluminium ion

mix with sodium hydroxide to form a white precipitate soluble in excess

chloride ion

add nitric acid then silver nitrate to form a white precipitate

bromide ion

add nitric acid then silver nitrate to form a cream precipitate

iodide ion

add nitric acid then silver nitrate to form a yellow precipitate

sulfate ion

add dilute hydrochloric acid then barium chloride to form a white precipitate

carbonate ion

add dilute acid to produce carbon dioxide which turns limewater cloudy

nitrate ion

warm with sodium hydroxide and aluminium foil to produce ammonia gas

hydrogen gas

lit splint causes squeaky pop

oxygen gas

glowing splint relights

carbon dioxide gas

turns limewater cloudy

chlorine gas

bleaches damp litmus paper white

ammonia gas

turns damp red litmus paper blue

glucose food test

Benedicts solution and heat gives brick red precipitate

starch food test

iodine solution turns blue black

protein food test

biuret test turns purple

lipid food test

ethanol emulsion test forms white cloudy emulsion