Medicine Exam 2: Key Terms & Definitions for Success

Which of the following is an advantage when using animals purchased from Class A dealers?

Animals are bred by the dealer so history and health status are known since birth

Which types of animals have no detectable bacteria, viruses, or microbes of any kind?

Axenic

Disinfect the outside of the shipping containers when:

Any/all animal containers arrive at the facility but before animals are removed from the containers

During which period will laboratory animals be exposed to their standardized environmental, nutritional, and other husbandry tasks prior to use in a study?

Acclimation

What is a porphyrin staining?

Reddish-brown to yellow-brown discoloration around the eyes , nose, and medial aspects of the front limbs

What is the primary purpose of quarantine at a research facility when animals are used in research?

Verify the health status of new animals arriving at the facility before added to a study

Which of the following species information is NOT required to be on the cage card for an animal at the research facility?

Age and weight

Which of the following is an enteral route for drug administration?

PO

IP is the abbreviation for which of the following routes of drug administration?

Intraperitoneal

Where do you administer a drug using the IC route of administration?

In the heart

Healthy animals placed in each cage (microenvironment) along with other animals being used int he study for the purpose of detecting diseases are called:

Direct sentinel animals

Isolation rooms are maintained under ________ air pressure with ________ barriers

negative; biocontainment

According to the AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals, an acceptable method of euthanasia is defined as one which minimize pain and distress to the animals and :

Must consistently result in rapid death when used as the sole means of euthanasia without additional conditions

The euthanasia procedure is not complete until the animal is confirmed dead. Which of the following is the only sign that indicates the animal had been successively euthanized by itself?

rigor mortis

Which of the following is TRUE when using inhalant anesthetics for humane euthanasia?

Inhalants are not preferred for euthanizing animals which are able to survive in hypoxic states

MS - 222 is commonly used to euthanize which species of laboratory animal?

Amphibians and fish

Which of the following describes how the genes code information for the body's structure?

Genotype

Which of the following genetically engineered rodents lack mature T cells, B cells, NK cells, and are deficient in multiple cytokine signaling pathways?

NSG mouse

Which of the following describes the number of times a female has been pregnant and produced viable offspring?

Parity

A female mouse is introduced in the afternoon to a male mouse cage. You check the cage in the morning to see if copulation has occurred. What are you looking for?

Vaginal plug

A strange male mouse was introduced into a female's cage within 24 hours of mating with her normal mate. When checked 12 days later by ultrasound, she was not pregnant. Which of the following effects most likely occured?

Bruce effect

A strain is considered inbred after at least _____ generations of brother-sister mating.

20

How many hours prior to a surgical procedure should food be withheld from a mouse?

Food should not be withheld

In female mice, the anogenital distance is:

Shorter than male mice

Newborn mice are born pink, hairless, and helpless. This is known as:

Altricial

Which of the following parasites of mice are best diagnosed by a perianal tape test?

Syphacia obvelata

When using inhalant anesthetic to perform human euthanasia, why is it unacceptable to place an animal into an induction chamber already filled with inhalant anesthetic?

Animals tend to hold their breath which causes distress

Which of the following is a commonly used outbred rat?

Sprague Dawley

You walk into a room containing recently received rats still under quarantine. Many of the rats have porphyrin staining around the eyes and nose. What does this mean?

The rats were stressed during shipment

Which anatomical structure is absent in the rat?

Gallbladder

What can happen when new animals of the same strain are not introduced into closed colonies over time?

genetic drift

What is the most common cause of ringtail in rats?

low humidity

Which of the following is the most common hamster used in research

Syrian hamster

How would hamsters respond if the room temperature were to drop to around 5 degrees Celsius (41 degrees Fahrenheit)?

They would sheep in a hibernation-like state

Which anatomical feature makes the hamster an ideal model for studies involving tumor and tissue implants?

The lack of lymphatic vessels in the cheek pouch and an unusual immune system

Why should hamsters be fed in a bowl on the floor of the cage?

They have a blunt nose which makes it difficult to reach food through a wire feeder

A female is introduced into the cage of a male at the beginning of the dark cycle. If copulation does not occur within 5 minutes or she becomes aggressive the female is removed from the cage. If copulation does occur, she is left in the cage until the following light cycle begins. What mating system does this describe?

hand

Which of the following is an inbred strain of mice commonly used in biomedical research?

BALB/c

An adjunctive method of euthanasia is defined as being used ONLY when which of the following conditions is met?

The animal is anesthetized, insentient, or unconscious

You have 200 mls of a drug and need to create a 1:6 dilution before administering this drug to your rat. How many mls of sterile saline should you use to create this dilution?

1000 mls

Which of the following is an unwanted variable that could interfere negatively with research results?

Favoritism when handling mice on a study

Which of the following drugs should you never administer to hamsters?

Penicillin

Which of the following is one advantage to selecting a physical method of euthanasia?

Euthanasia does not leave chemicals residues in the tissues

I am collecting blood samples from rabbits for serological analysis. O have collected 3 mls of blood from each rabbit. I must record my blood volume in liters, so I will record:

0.003 L

Which of the following is an example of an unacceptable method of euthanasia?

Air embolism

A 100 kg block of frozen brine shrimp is equal to how how many grams?

100,000 g

What is the term used when a behaviorally dominant mouse chews the hair off of other mice?

Barbering

During which step in the experimental design will you design and submit your animal use protocol for IACUC approval if you are using animals in your research experiment?

Before conducting the study and collecting data

Which of the following routes for chemical euthanasia is adjunctive ONLY?

IC

Which outbred stock of rat is commonly used in research and is also called the hooded rat?

Long Evans