Pharmacy Technician Exam Review

Pharmacy Technician Program Final Exam Review Flashcards

Kilograms to Pounds Conversion

1 kg = 2.2 lbs

Inches to Centimeters Conversion

1 inch = 2.54 cm

Feet to Inches Conversion

1 foot = 12 inches

Milligrams to Grains Conversion

1 grain = 65 mg

Milliliters to Pint Conversion

1 pint = 480 mL (approximately)

Milliliters per Teaspoonful

5 mL

Milliliters per Tablespoonful

15 mL

Ounces to Pound Conversion

16 ounces = 1 pound

Pounds to Grams Conversion

1 pound = 453.6 grams

Ounce to Milliliters Conversion

1 ounce = 30 mL

BID

Twice a day

TID

Three times a day

QID

Four times a day

QD

Every day

QS

Quantity sufficient

QOD

Every other day

OU

Both eyes

OD

Right eye

OS

Left eye

AU

Each ear

AD

Right ear

AS

Left ear

HS

At bedtime

AC

Before meals

PC

After meals

-Triptan

Serotonin receptor agonists; used to treat migraines

-Mycin

Macrolide antibiotic; used to treat bacterial infections

-Tidine

H2 receptor antagonists; used to treat GERD

-Oprazole

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)

-Statin

Lipid-lowering drugs

-Terol

Beta-adrenergic agonists

-Pril

ACE inhibitor

-Sartan

Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)

-Dipine

Calcium channel blocker

-Vir

Antiviral drug

Main cause of constipation

Low fiber intake

Common anticoagulants

Warfarin, Xaban, -Arin

Patients Requiring Special Dosing

Children, elderly, hospice patients

Main Site of Drug Absorption

Small intestine due to large surface area

Most Dangerous Allergic Reaction

Anaphylaxis

Most Common Psychological Disorder

Depression

Bioequivalence Requirements

Same active ingredients, dosage, ROA, same dosage form

GERD Treatment Drugs

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Common Cause of Seizures

Overactivity in the brain, fevers

Physical Changes Affecting Dosing in Elderly

Weight, kidney disease, liver disease, malabsorption

Complications of High Cholesterol

Stroke, heart failure, blood clots, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis

Treatment for Infectious Diarrhea in Children

Alinia

Drugs that stimulate RBC production (examples)

Iron Dextran, Erythropoietin (Epogen)

Treatment for Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Regranex (topical gel)

HCTZ

Thiazide diuretic; used for hypertension

Furosemide (Lasix)

Loop diuretic; used for CHF

Aldactone

Potassium-sparing diuretic

OTC Cough & Cold Classifications

Antitussive, Decongestant, Expectorant, Antipyretic, Analgesic, Antihistamine

Aztreonam

Monobactam antibiotic

Shingrix

Vaccine for Herpes Zoster

OTC Nicotine Products

Nicorette gum, patches, lozenges

Phenytoin

Used for seizures

Interferon

Used for cancers and multiple sclerosis

Sumatriptan

Used for Migraines

Pancrelipase (Creon-10)

Used for Pancreatic Enzyme Insufficiency

Acarbose (Precose)

Anti-diabetic; causes malabsorption of nutrients

Allopurinol

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor; prevents gout

Metoclopramide

Anti-nausea medication

Therapeutic Equivalence

Same dosage, same drug, same active ingredient, same ROA, same dosage form

Schedule 1 Controlled Substances (Examples)

Heroin, Methaqualone, Marijuana, Crack Cocaine, LSD, Ecstasy

Schedule 2 Controlled Substances (Examples)

Oxycodone, Cocaine, Morphine, Fentanyl

Schedule 3 Controlled Substances (Examples)

Paregoric, Thiofentanyl, Testosterone

Schedule 4 Controlled Substances (Examples)

Lorazepam (Ativan), Sleep medications

USP 800

Hazardous drug handling

USP 795

Non-sterile compounding

USP 797

Sterile compounding

DEA

Enforces controlled substance laws and regulations.

FDA

Regulates new drugs, herbals, and dietary supplements.

CDC

Provides guidelines for handwashing techniques and touch contamination prevention.

Orange Book

Lists approved drugs and therapeutic equivalence.

MedWatch

Reports medication errors and adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

NIOSH

Sets conditions for handling hazardous drugs.

Aseptic Technique Purpose

To prevent contamination in sterile compounding.

Script Validity (Non-Controlled)

1 year from date written.

Script Validity (Controlled)

6 months from date written.

Poison Prevention Act

Requires safety caps on all medications.

Auxiliary Labels

Warning label support labels.

Category A Drug

Least dangerous pregnancy category

Category X Drug

Most dangerous pregnancy category

Solute

The substance being dissolved.

Solvent

The substance doing the dissolving (e.g., water).

Solution

A completely dissolved mixture.

Suspension

A mixture where the substance is not completely dissolved.

Orphan Drug

A drug designated to treat rare diseases.

AWP

Average Wholesale Price

Adjudication

The process of submitting an insurance claim.

Prior Authorization

Approval from insurance company for medication coverage.

Medicare

Federal health insurance for elderly (65+) and disabled individuals.

Medicaid

State and federal program providing health coverage for low-income individuals