Hispanoamerican Literature from the 20th Century to the Present

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering the socio-historical context, prose, poetry, and theater of Ibero-American literature throughout the 20th and 21st centuries.

Modernismo

A literary movement led by the Nicaraguan Rubén Darío at the end of the 19th century that marked the cultural independence of Spanish America.

Novela regionalista or de la tierra

A current of realism representing the human struggle against a grandiose and frightening nature, exemplified by Rómulo Gallegos' Doña Bárbara.

Novela de la revolución mexicana

A critical portrayal of historical conflict and contradictions, with Mariano Azuela's Los de abajo as a key example.

Novela indigenista

A social genre that denounces the marginalization and exploitation of indigenous populations, such as Ciro Alegría's El mundo es ancho y ajeno.

Realismo mágico (1945-1960)

A narrative stage that fuses reality with fantasy, myths, and oniric elements, featuring authors like Juan Rulfo and Silvina Ocampo.

The Boom (1960-1980)

A period of global projection and experimentation in structure and language, most famously represented by Gabriel García Márquez and his novel Cien años de soledad.

Rayuela

An influential novel by the Argentinian Julio Cortázar known for its renovation of novelistic structure and short stories.

Microrrelato

A narrative form of extremely brief extension, developed by writers such as the Guatemalan Augusto Monterroso.

Postboom (1980-2000)

A period that favored simpler narratives, colloquial speech, and individual experiences over experimentation, featuring authors like Roberto Bolaño.

Mariana Enríquez

A contemporary Argentinian author known for the gothic novel Nuestra parte de noche and the latest trends in literature.

Gabriela Mistral

A Chilean poet whose work is personal and melancholy, known for poemaries such as Desolación and Tala.

Creacionismo

A vanguard movement led by Vicente Huidobro that considers the poet as a creator god who does not imitate reality.

Ultraísmo

A vanguard movement associated with Jorge Luis Borges that focuses on dehumanizing the poem and renewing the metaphor.

Surrealismo (Poetry)

The most influential vanguard in Latin America, represented by César Vallejo's Trilce and Pablo Neruda's Residencia en la Tierra.

Poesía negra

A Caribbean poetic movement led by Nicolás Guillén that uses African words and fonic alterations to represent the black population.

Octavio Paz

A Nobel laureate who led the Intellectualism current, enriching his work with oriental philosophy and existentialist themes like time and solitude.

Antipoesía

A current created by Nicanor Parra using irony, humor, and everyday language to create forms called antipoemas.

Grotesco criollo

A theatrical subgenre created in the 1920s by the Argentinian author Armando Discépolo.

Teatro documento

A contemporary theatrical movement, such as the work of Marianella Morena, that uses research on real facts to denounce violence.