PROGLANG PREFINAL

Integers

These are numbers devoid of the fractional part

Floating Points or floats

These are numbers that contain or can contain the fractional part

Type

These numbers differ significantly in how they are stored in computer memory and the range of acceptable values. The characteristic of the numeric value that determines its kind, range, and application is called the t______.

Integers

It is a string of digits that make up the number.

Digits

Integers must not be interjected with any characters that are not d_______. For example, the number eleven million one hundred and eleven thousand one hundred and eleven can be written as 11,111,111 or 11.111.111, or even like 11 111 111.

prohibited

This provision gives it readability, especially when the number consists of many digits. However, Python does not accept this as it is p_________.

underscores

What Python does allow, though, is the use of u____________ in numeric literals. Therefore, the number can either be 11111111 or 11_111_111.

minus (-)

Negative numbers in Python are written by adding a m________ such as -11111111 or -11_111_111.

permissible

Positive numbers do not need to be preceded by the plus sign, but it is p____________.

Octal and hexadecimal numbers

These are two (2) additional conventions in Python that are unknown to the world of mathematics.

0O or 0o prefix (zero-o)

It will be treated as an octal value if an integer number is preceded by an ____or ______ prefix).

[0..7]

Octal values must contain digits taken from the ____ range only.

octal

0o123 is an o_______number with a (decimal) value equal to 83. The print() function does the conversion automatically.

83

0o123 is an octal number with a (decimal) value equal to __.

0x or 0X (zero-x)

a number will be treated as a hexadecimal value if it is preceded by the prefix ___ or ______.

hexadecimal

0x123 is a h______________number with a (decimal) value equal to 291. The print() function can also manage these values.

291

0x123 is a hexadecimal number with a (decimal) value equal to ___

print()

This function can manage/convert octal and hexadecimal values.

Float

It is designed to represent and store numbers with a non-empty decimal fraction.

fractional

Float numbers have or may have, a f____________ part after the decimal point.

2.5 and -0.4

For example, two and a half or minus zero point four is read as ____ and ____ by a computer.

commas

It is also important to note that numbers must not contain any c_______. Python does not accept the c_______ as it has its reserved meaning in Python.

zero

Removing the z____ if it is the only digit in front of or after the decimal point is possible. Thus, 0.4 can be written as .4, and 4.0 could be written as 4. and have its type or value unchanged.

point (.)

The p_______ makes a number a float.

E/e

This letter represents exponents incorporated into a number string such as 3E8.

exponents

The letter E/e represents e___________ incorporated into a number string such as 3E8.

integer

The exponent (value after E) has to be an i________, while the base (value in front of the E) may be an integer.

notation

It also must be noted that the chosen form of coding float values does not mean that Python will present it in the same way. This language may sometimes choose a different n_______.

1e-22

For example, the following float literal: 0.0000000000000000000001 will result in _______ when run using the print() function in Python, as it always chooses the more economical form of the number's presentation.

economical form

For example, the following float literal: 0.0000000000000000000001 will result in 1e-22 when run using the print() function in Python, as it always chooses the more e____________ f______ of the number's presentation.

Strings

These are used when processing texts and not numbers.

quotes ("")

A string is incomplete without q_________.

escape character

Assume that words inside a string need to be quoted, such as She screamed, “You need to calm down” at the top of her lungs, which is ironic. There are two (2) possible solutions. The first is based on the concept of the e_______ c___________, which is played by the backslash ().

backslash

The b__________ can escape quotes, too. A quote preceded by a b_________ changes its meaning – it is not a delimiter but just a quote.

apostrophe (')

The second solution is to use an a_____________ instead of a quote.

quote

Either of these characters may delimit strings, but it should be consistent in such a way that: o If a string opens with a quote, it must also be closed with a q____

apostrophe

Either of these characters may delimit strings, but it should be consistent in such a way that: o If a string starts with an apostrophe, it must also end with an a__________

embed

To e________ an apostrophe into a string, there are also two (2) possible ways: Example string: I’m not going to give up. It can be written as: print("I'm not going to give up.") or print('I\'m not going to give up.')

Boolean value

Each time Python is asked if one number is greater than another, it always results in the creation of some specific data, which is a B________ v________.

George Boole

The name “boolean”comes from G________ B_______ (1815-1864).

The Laws of Thought

This work by George Boole contains the definition of Boolean algebra

Boolean algebra

A part of algebra that makes use of only two distinct values: True and False, denoted as 1 and 0

Expressions and Assignment statements

These statements are fundamental to programming.

Expression statement

This statement produces a value.

Assignment statement

This statement stores that value in a variable.

Expression

It is a combination of values, variables, operators, and function calls that result in a computed value.

building blocks

Expressions are crucial because they form the b________ b________ of logic in programming. Every expression returns a value that can be used within a program.

operands and operators

Expression is any valid combination of o________(values or variables) and o__________(such as +, -, *, /). It is evaluated by Python to produce a value.

multiple operations and function calls

Expressions can be as simple as a single number (10) or as complex as a mathematical formula involving m__________ o______________ and f________ c____.

Arithmetic Expressions

These involve mathematical operations such as addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (), division (/), and exponentiation (*).

Arithmetic Expressions

These expressions are used in scenarios requiring numerical computations.

Relational Expressions (or Comparison Expressions)

These evaluate to True or False using comparison operators. These utilize comparison operators like equal to (==), not equal to (!=), greater than (>), less than (

conditional statements and loops

Relational Expressions (or Comparison Expressions) are essential in decision-making processes, such as c____________ s_____________ and l____.

Comparison Expressions

Relational Expressions can also be called as what?

Logical Expressions (or Boolean Expressions)

These use logical operators (and, or, not) to combine Boolean values.

Boolean Expressions

Logical Expressions can also be called as what?

complex

Logical Expressions (or Boolean Expressions) are pivotal in constructing c________ conditional statements.

Bitwise Expressions

These manipulate bits directly using bitwise operators (&, |, ^, ~, <

AND

(&)

XOR

(^)

NOT

(~)

left shift

(<<)

right shift

(>>)

low-level

Bitwise Expressions are commonly used in l____ l________ programming, such as setting flags or manipulating binary data.

setting flags or manipulating binary data

Bitwise Expressions are commonly used in low-level programming, such as s_________ f______ or m_____________ binary data.

Assignment statements

These statements assign a value to a variable using the = operator.

= operator

An assignment statement assigns a value to a variable using the ____ operator.

Assignment statements

These statements allow the storage of values in named memory locations (variables).

variable name

The left-hand side of the assignment operator (=) is the v________ n_____

value

The right-hand side is the v____ to be stored.

Augmented Assignment Operators

These operators simplify modifying variables.

arithmetic, assignment

Augmented Assignment Operators provides a concise syntax to update variable values by combining an a_____________ operation with an a____________ operator, reducing redundancy in code.

Augmented Assignment Operators

These operators reduce redundancy in code.

+=

Augmented Assignment Operator: Addition

-=

Augmented Assignment Operator: Subtraction

*=

Augmented Assignment Operator: Multiplication

/=

Augmented Assignment Operator: Division

//=

Augmented Assignment Operator: Floor Division

%=

Augmented Assignment Operator: Modulus (Remainder)

**=

Augmented Assignment Operator: Exponentiation

&=

Augmented Assignment Operator: Bitwise AND

^=

Augmented Assignment Operator: Bitwise XOR

<

Augmented Assignment Operator: Bitwise Left Shift