Main skeletal muscle origins and insertions AUT year 2 physio

Gluteus maximus (hip) origin

Posterior ilium (posterior to posterior gluteal line), dorsal sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

Gluteus maximus (hip) insertion

Iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Gluteus medius (hip) origin

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Gluteus medius (hip) insertion

Lateral surface of greater trochanter

Gluteus minimus (hip) origin

External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Gluteus minimus (hip) insertion

Anterior surface of greater trochanter

Tensor fasciae latae (lateral hip) origin

ASIS and anterior iliac crest

Tensor fasciae latae (lateral hip) insertion

Iliotibial tract

Iliopsoas (anterior hip) origin

Psoas major (T12-L5 vertebral bodies and transverse processes) and iliacus (iliac fossa)

Iliopsoas (anterior hip) insertion

Lesser trochanter of femur

Rectus femoris (anterior thigh) origin

AIIS and superior acetabular rim

Rectus femoris (anterior thigh) insertion

Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

Vastus lateralis (anterior thigh) origin

Greater trochanter and linea aspera

Vastus lateralis (anterior thigh) insertion

Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

Vastus medialis (anterior thigh) origin

Linea aspera and intertrochanteric line

Vastus medialis (anterior thigh) insertion

Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

Vastus intermedius (anterior thigh) origin

Anterior and lateral shaft of femur

Vastus intermedius (anterior thigh) insertion

Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

Biceps femoris long head (posterior thigh) origin

Ischial tuberosity

Biceps femoris long head (posterior thigh) insertion

Head of fibula

Biceps femoris short head (posterior thigh) origin

Linea aspera

Biceps femoris short head (posterior thigh) insertion

Head of fibula

Semitendinosus (posterior thigh) origin

Ischial tuberosity

Semitendinosus (posterior thigh) insertion

Medial proximal tibia (pes anserinus)

Semimembranosus (posterior thigh) origin

Ischial tuberosity

Semimembranosus (posterior thigh) insertion

Posterior medial tibial condyle

Adductor longus (medial thigh) origin

Body of pubis

Adductor longus (medial thigh) insertion

Middle third of linea aspera

Adductor magnus (medial thigh) origin

Inferior pubic ramus and ischial tuberosity

Adductor magnus (medial thigh) insertion

Linea aspera and adductor tubercle

Gracilis (medial thigh) origin

Inferior pubic ramus

Gracilis (medial thigh) insertion

Medial proximal tibia (pes anserinus)

Sartorius (anterior thigh) origin

ASIS

Sartorius (anterior thigh) insertion

Medial proximal tibia (pes anserinus)

Tibialis anterior (anterior leg) origin

Lateral condyle and lateral tibia

Tibialis anterior (anterior leg) insertion

Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

Gastrocnemius (posterior leg) origin

Medial and lateral femoral condyles

Gastrocnemius (posterior leg) insertion

Calcaneus via Achilles tendon

Soleus (posterior leg) origin

Posterior tibia and fibula

Soleus (posterior leg) insertion

Calcaneus via Achilles tendon

Peroneus longus (lateral leg) origin

Head and lateral fibula

Peroneus longus (lateral leg) insertion

Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Deltoid (shoulder) origin

Lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Deltoid (shoulder) insertion

Deltoid tuberosity

Supraspinatus (shoulder) origin

Supraspinous fossa

Supraspinatus (shoulder) insertion

Greater tubercle of humerus

Infraspinatus (shoulder) origin

Infraspinous fossa

Infraspinatus (shoulder) insertion

Greater tubercle of humerus

Teres minor (shoulder) origin

Lateral border of scapula

Teres minor (shoulder) insertion

Greater tubercle of humerus

Subscapularis (shoulder) origin Subscapularis (shoulder) origin

Subscapular fossa

Subscapularis (shoulder) insertion

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Pectoralis major (chest) origin

Medial clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages

Pectoralis major (chest) insertion

Lateral lip of bicipital groove

Latissimus dorsi (back) origin

T7-L5 spinous processes, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest

Latissimus dorsi (back) insertion

Floor of bicipital groove

Teres major (posterior shoulder) origin

Inferior angle of scapula

Teres major (posterior shoulder) insertion

Medial lip of bicipital groove

Biceps brachii (anterior arm) origin

Long head (supraglenoid tubercle) short head (coracoid process)

Biceps brachii (anterior arm) insertion

Radial tuberosity

Triceps brachii (posterior arm) origin

Long head (infraglenoid tubercle) lateral and medial heads (posterior humerus)

Triceps brachii (posterior arm) insertion

Olecranon process

Brachialis (anterior arm) origin

Anterior distal humerus

Brachialis (anterior arm) insertion

Ulnar tuberosity

Rectus abdominis (abdomen) origin

Pubic crest and pubic symphysis

Rectus abdominis (abdomen) insertion

Xiphoid process and costal cartilages 5-7

External oblique (abdomen) origin

External surfaces ribs 5-12

External oblique (abdomen) insertion

Linea alba and iliac crest

Internal oblique (abdomen) origin

Thoracolumbar fascia and iliac crest

Internal oblique (abdomen) insertion

Linea alba and ribs 10-12

Transversus abdominis (abdomen) origin

Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 7-12

Transversus abdominis (abdomen) insertion

Linea alba

Erector spinae (back) origin

Broad tendon from sacrum and iliac crest

Erector spinae (back) insertion

Ribs and transverse processes of vertebrae

Upper trapezius (upper back) origin

Occipital bone and nuchal ligament

Upper trapezius (upper back) insertion

Lateral clavicle

Middle trapezius (mid back) origin

Upper thoracic spinous processes

Middle trapezius (mid back) insertion

Acromion and spine of scapula

Lower trapezius (lower back) origin

Lower thoracic spinous processes

Lower trapezius (lower back) insertion

Spine of scapula

Levator scapulae (neck) origin

C1-C4 transverse processes

Levator scapulae (neck) insertion

Superior medial border of scapula

Sternocleidomastoid (neck) origin

Manubrium and medial clavicle

Sternocleidomastoid (neck) insertion

Mastoid process