SUPA Chem Unit 5

Energy is the capacity to do __ or transfer heat.

work

Kinetic Energy (k) is energy associated with ___.

motion

The formula for Kinetic Energy is __, where $m$ is mass and $v$ is velocity.

E_k = \frac{1}{2}mv^2

Potential Energy (p) is energy associated with ___ or composition.

position

energy is stored within the bonds of chemical substances.

Chemical Potential

Internal Energy (U) is the sum of all __ and potential energies in a system.

kinetic

One Joule (J) is equivalent to __ calorie(s).

0.239

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy can be __ from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed.

converted

In thermodynamics, a __ is the specific part of the universe being studied.

system

A positive heat ($q$) indicates that the system gains __.

heat

The change in Internal Energy ($\Delta E$) is the sum of __ and work exchanged between the system and surroundings.

heat

Enthalpy (H) is a thermodynamic property equal to the __ of the system plus the product of pressure and volume.

internal energy

An exothermic reaction has a __ $\Delta H$, indicating heat is released.

negative

The formula for heat transfer in calorimetry is __, where $m$ is mass, $c$ is specific heat, and $\Delta T$ is the change in temperature.

q = mc\Delta T

Constant-Pressure Calorimetry measures $\Delta H$ for reactions in __.

solution

Hess's Law states that if a reaction can be expressed as a series of steps, then the $\Delta H$ for the overall reaction is the __ of the $\Delta H$ values for each step.

sum

The Standard Enthalpy of Formation ($\Delta H<em>f^°$) is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound is formed from its ___ in their standard states.

elements