1100 chemical and cellular organization

what are the types of chemical bonds and how are they different

ionic: when an atom loses a valence electron it becomes electricaly charged (positive) this is a cation. The electron goes to another atom to complete the valence shell. This atom becomes neg charged (anion).

covalent: atoms can share valence electrons to complete their shell

hydrogen: hydrogen atom already bonded to another atom is attracted to another atom from a different molecule.

what is metabolism

the total of all chemical reactions that happen inside your body to convert food and drink into usable energy

2 types of metabolic chemical reactions

anabolic: building bonds between atoms - require energy

catabolic: breaking down the bonds - release energy

what are 4 factors that affect the rate of reaction

surface area, concentration/pressure, temperature, catalysts/enzymes

difference between organic and inorganic bonds

organic bonds: contain hydrogen and carbon

inorganic: 1 or the other not both

name the 3 inorganic compounds necessary for life

1; water

2; salts

3; acids and bases

name the functions of water

solvent, lube, heat sink, chemical reactions (hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis), components of mixtures

whats hydrolysis and dehydrations synthesis

hydrolysis: larger molecules are broken down

dehydration synthesis: smaller molecules combine to make larger ones and water is a product

name the 3 main types of a mixture

solution (salt water), colloid (milk) , suspensions (sand in water)

what are the functions of salts in the body

1: conduction of currents

2: body water balance

chemical difference bwteen acids and bases

acids; release h+ ions in water

bases: accept H- or release OH- ions in water