2.2.1:Chemical Bonds

Chemical Bonds

The interactions atoms have with each other to achieve stability

Valence Electrons

The outermost shell that holds up to eight electrons to achieve stability (Octet Rule)

Ionic Bond

The attractive force between oppositely charged ions

Ions

Atoms or molecules that has a positive or negative charge due to the unequal number of electrons and protons

Cation

Positively charged ion that lost an electron

Anion

Negatively charged ion that gain an electron

Electrolyte

A solution that dissociate ionic bond into cations and anions to conduct a electrical conduction when dissolved in a solvent

Covalent Bond

A compound formed when at least two atoms share electrons

Single Covalent Bond

A covalent bond where a covalent bond shares one pair of electrons (-)

Double Covalent Bond

A covalent bond where a covalent bond shares two pair of electrons (=)

Triple Covalent Bond

A covalent bond where a covalent bond shares three pair of electrons (-)

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

Electrons are equally distributed between two atoms

Polar Covalent Bond

Electrons are unequally distributed between two atoms

Electronegativity

The ability to attract electrons to itself (especially in polar covalent bond due to the unequal charge distribution)

Hydrogen Bond

The weak attraction between a slightly positive charged and negative charged atom