DT Tools and Equipment

Scroll saw

A fine-toothed power saw with a narrow blade used for cutting small designs in wood.

Radial disc cutter

Circular powered disc saw: Cuts wood, acrylic and PVC

Pillar drill

Can drill larger pieces of materials and produce larger holes

Drill bit

Used in a drilling machine or pillar drill

Chuck key

Is a tool used to tighten bits in place with an electric drill or a pillar drill

Hot wire cutter

Uses the heat of a thin wire to cut/melt through materials such as polystyrene [aeroboard] by pressing a hot wire along it and melting it at that point

Make sure this is used in a well ventilated area and you wear a mask so you do not inhale the fume

Uses the heat of a thin wire to cut/melt through

Chisel

A long-bladed hand tool with a beveled cutting edge and a plain handle that is struck with a hammer or mallet, used to cut or shape wood, stone, metal, or other hard materials.

Flat File

To clean burrs on wood, acrylic or metal edges after cutting.

wood worker vice

To hold your wood work while cutting or drilling

mallet

A hammer with a large wooden or rubber head to strike on a chisel

Used in making wood joints e.g Mortise and tenon joint.

Cross pein hammer

-General purpose hammer

Disc sander

A power sander with a 12" sanding disc for sanding wood or metal.

Jig saw

a machine saw with a fine blade enabling it to cut curved lines in a sheet of wood, metal, or plastic.

Strip heater

Is a machine which heats acrylic plastic along a narrow strip. This allows it to soften and bend easily.

Coping saw

A cutting tool; type of handsaw that is used to cut curved lines or shapes in thin material such as: Acrylic or MDF

Tenon saw

used for cutting straight lines in wood

Rip saw

for rough cutting wood along the grain

Junior hack saw

a smaller version of a normal hacksaw and typically used for cutting piping and wood.

Try square

Woodworking tool used to mark a line at 90 degrees to the edge of the wood or finding "square".

Nails

Available in various sizes

Screws

.

Pincer

To remove nails

G clamp

Adjustable clamp usually used to hold objects. Named after a letter of the alphabet

Flat bit screw driver

Philips screw driver

Plier

Long nose

Acrylic sheet

Available in various thickness and colours

It is very brittle, care should be taken when cutting and dropping as it may easily crack.

Can be easily bent using a strip heater - line bending

MDF

Medium density fiberboard

Available in various thickness

Wear mask when cutting

Can be easily damaged with water, need to be painted or varnished / veneered.

Plywood

a sheet material made by gluing thin layers of wood at 90 degrees to each other.

Philips screw

A screw head having two partial slots crossed at right angles, driven by a special screwdriver

Design cycle

inquiring, developing ideas, creating a solution, evaluating

Design problem

The process of identifying a simple problem or question and creating a solution.

Orthographic drawing

2-D, top, front, side, used for blueprints and plans

Safety sign

Safety Goggles

Eye protection to protect eyes from all directions while working in the DT workshop.

Define softwood (3 marks)

Simple cells; as evergreen trees

Fast growing so not expensivd

good for general purpose

Define hardwood

More complex cell strucutre

often slow growing so more expensive

each has its own unique properties

Give three examples of soft wood

Pine spruce larch

Give three examples of hard wood

Mahogany beech oak

Properties of hard wood

leaves fall off; slow to grow; rarer; more expensive; less likely to rot; slow to grow; not all hard woods are hard; higher resistance to water; more durable

define ferrous metals

Contains. Lastly metals

Give four

roperties of mild steel

Strong

malleable

Does rust

ductile

Non ferrous examples, two

Aluminium copper

properties of brass, alloy, 3,

Hard, corrosion resistant and a good electrical conductor

Define thermoplastics

Long chain of carbon and hydrodgen molecules, made from oil, able to be reshaped

Properties of acrylic, or Perspex

Is hard, variety of colours, easily scratches

HIPS

Variety of colours great for vacuum for knf

Thermosets

Similar chemicals, do not soften when heated

Tensile strength

How much force a certain cross sectional area of material can take without damage

malleable meaning

material that can be hammered or rolled down into flat sheets and other shapes

Ductile meaning

material that can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire

marking gauge

Scratches a line that is parallel to an edge

Glass paper

Used to smooth down the surface of wood

Laser cutter

Precise cutting

engraves pattern and design elements

Lamination

Thing layer of material to make wood stronger

Vacuum forming process

1. mould is placed on a table and lowered down, a sheet must be clamped down

2. the sheet is heated

3. as it becomes soft and pliable compressed air is blown up to stretch the plastic

4. the table is raised and the mould is pushed against the plastic

5. vacuum pump then removes the compressed air

6. the higher atmospheric temperature forces the mould against the plastic

7.the machine is switched off and the mould is removed from the plastic product

Line bending

A process that involves bending thermoplastic along a heated line

Permanent fixing for wood

PVA adhesive with a wood joint, must let to dry

Wood screws

Used for wood. Have countersink, raised and round heads. Raised are similar to countersink but the head is slightly raised. Round headed sit on top of the wood.

Pins or nails

Creates a strong joint

Solvent adhesives

- Used to join plastics

- Work by dissolving the surface of the materials which then flow together until the solvent evaporates, leaving the components permanently joined

Machine screws, washers and nuts

Used for joining metals together temporarily or for joining metals to another material temporarily. Must be used with a spanner and screwdriver.

Epoxy resin

Epoxy resin is a waterproof strong adhesive that is made by applying an equal amount of resin and hardener together. It works on wood, metal and plastic

Emery cloth

making a smooth finish on metals

Painting

Adds protection and style, brushed sprayed

Varnish

Protection, transparent, more protective than wax

Wax

Wood grains look richer, not as protective

Centre punch

For "denting" metal before drilling

CAM abbreviation

Computer Aided Manufacturing

CAM definition.

software used to allow manufacturing processes to become computer controlled

CAD definition

design using computer software

Advantages of CAD

-Speed, accuracy, ease of editing, modelling, range of tools, transfer of CAD TO CAM, storing and sharing.

no need for physical prototywpes

Disadvantages of CAD

high initial setup costs

regular software updates required

increases risk of virus damages

expensive software

hacked by rivals and designs stolen

Jobs, well trained staff

Advantages of CAM

-Higher quality and consistency

-Reliability

-Optimal usage of raw materials

-Cheaper manufacture

-Faster than humans

Disadvantages of CAM

expensive set up

capital investment high

skilled technicians and machine operators

high worker training costs

What an prototypes be made of

Styrofooam.

HIPS

MDF