VMED 5172 - Livestock Applied Vaccinology

To prevent illness or death

The number one reason to vaccinate livestock is?

Some diseases such as IBR can cause spontaneous abortion in cattle herds; properly timed vaccinations can prevent these issues

Why may some vaccinations affect reproduction?

Subcutaneous or oral

What route of vaccination is most ideal in herds?

Injections may rarely cause abscesses or scarring in meat products

Why are IM injects not ideal in production?

Age, season, frequency, production type, level of stress, farm- and region-specific disease

Some of the factors to consider when creating a vaccination program?

Weaning is one of the most stressful events for a calf, and their stress level may deter their ability to mount an immune response

Vaccinations should not be done during or right around the time of weaning. Why is this?

Biosecurity

Vaccination must be combined with ____

Healthy

Vaccinations will only work in ____ animals

The organism and type of vaccine

The efficacy of a vaccine depends on what factors?

3 months

At what age can vaccines be given in cattle without the interference of maternal antibodies?

Modified live vaccines

Which vaccine type is less shelf stable and must be used within an hour?

The neck

Typically, the proper site of vaccination in cattle based on beef quality assurance is?

One

How many doses do modified live vaccines require?

Killed vaccines

Which type of vaccine tends to be more expensive, but can cause more reactions?

There is a greater potential for abortions

In pregnant cows, modified live vaccines should not be used for what reason?

IBR, BVD Type I and II, PI-3, BRSV, clostridial diseases, leptospirosis 5-way and HB, campylobacter

In an adult herd, which vaccinations are strongly recommended?

Bovine respiratory disease complex

The four main viral agents vaccinated against in cattle are IBR, BVD, PI-3, and BRSV. Together these diseases are known as?

Campylobacter/Vibrio

What vaccine typically recommended for an adult herd is not recommended for calves?

Brucellosis, pinkeye, pasteurella, and scours

What extra vaccines may be considered for a calf herd?

CD+T

The required core vaccination in small ruminants is?

Clostridium perfringens type C+D and tetanus

The CD+T vaccination protects against what pathogens?

Chlamydia, campylobacter, and leptospirosis

Other than the core CD+T, other vaccines considered for small ruminants include...