Endoscope reprocessing

list 3 ways endoscopes can be used to meet patient needs

routine screening

diagnostic treatment

therapeutic treatment

list three challenges endoscope reprocessing professionals face when working with flexible endoscopes

processing each endoscope correctly with precision and care

pressure to turnover equipment quickly

lack of inventory

list four uses for flexible endoscopes

1.to screen for cancer/remove some forms of cancer

2.to obtain tissue samples

3. to perform operations to remove stone from kidneys, urethra, bladder and open structures

4. to take a closer look at abnormalities found in radiology imaging

list the 6 general components that are common to most flexible endoscopes

1. light connector

2. universal cord

3.control body

4. working channels

5. insertion tube

6. distal tip

Examination of the larynx, pharynx and nose (throat) (upper airways)

Rhinolaryngoscope (ENT scope)

examines the lower GI tract

colonoscope

examines the throat, larynx, trachea, and lower airways

bronchoscope

Examines digestive tract, including esophagus, stomach and duodenum. Can also remove polyps

gastroscope(EGD)

examines the small intestine

enteroscope

Looks at the larynx(voice box) vocal cords and back of throat

flexible laryngoscopy

diagnoses and treats abnormalities in the first part of the small intestine(like ulcers)

duodenoscope (ERCP)

used to remove gallstones

Choledochoscope

views the airways on screen

Flexible Intubation scope

visualizes the urinary tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder

ureteroscope

examines the uterus

hysteroscope

list 4 primary stains used for bacteria identification

1. gram stain

2.acid fast stain

3.endoscope stain

4.capsule stain

this process is used to identify bacteria

staining

good bacteria that help humans in some way

symbiotic bacteria

an infection that is caused by a microorganism that usually doesn't cause disease. Usually caused by non pathogenic bacteria

opportunistic

organism that lives off or in another organism

parasite

the stain used to identify mycobacterium tuberculosis

acid fast

bacteria that stain purple are called

gram positive

a collection of microorganisms that attach to surfaces and each other and form a colony. The colony produces a protective gel that is difficult to penetrate with detergents and disinfectants

biofilm

pseudomonas aeruginosa has been known to survive on dry nonliving surfaces for

life expectancy: 6hours to 16 months

endoscopes that have been sterilized may be stored on

wire shelving

flexible endoscopes that have been high-level disinfected should be stored in a ventilated

cabinet

the eyewash station in decon should be located in --, delivering---gallons per minute and flushing fluid for a minimum of -- minutes

located in 10 seconds

delivering 0.4 gallons

flushing for atleast 15 minutes

bins used to transport soiled endoscopes should be labeled

biohazard

sinks used for endoscope cleaning should be equipped with

fill lines and manifold/adaptor systems

in the absence of physical barriers between soiled and clean areas----will help assure one way directional flow

education and training

the use of PPE when reprocessing contaminated endoscopes is required by:

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

The dress code for the endoscope decontamination area includes

gloves, face protection, mask, hair cover, shoe covers

cleaning

means the removal of soil from a device

the specific size brushes needed to clean an endoscope can found in the

IFU

The most common PH for endoscope cleaning chemicals is a

neutral PH

enzymes will become ineffective in temperatures that exceed

140 degrees

disinfectants must be registered by

EPA

taking off PPE

1. shoe covers

2.gloves

3.face protection

4. gown

5. mask

6. head cover

7. wash hands

using a borescope to examine an endoscope lumen can help detect

soil and damage

venting caps are designed to prevent

pressure

list the 4 critical parameters of ethylene oxide sterilization

1. cycle temp

2. humidity at the end of conditioning

3. ethylene oxide gas exposure time

4. ethylene oxide concentration

not acceptable packaging for hydrogen peroxide plasma sterilization

cellulose containing materials

the process by which medical devices are sterilized in their final containers, allowing them to be stored until needed is called

terminal sterilization

items that are completely devoid of all living microorganisms are called

sterile

after sterilization using a toxic sterilant, such as ethylene oxide, sterilized packages are subjected to moving air to facilitate removal of toxic residuals are called

aeration

The arthroscope is used for

joints

The endoscopic vein harvest scope is used for

coronary artery

examines, diagnoses or treats inside structures of the nose and sinus cavity

sinuscope

laparoscopes are used for

abdominal and pelvic organs

semi rigid ureteroscope is used for

examining the ureters

nephroscope is used for

examines, diagnoses or treats the kidneys

cystoscopes are used for

examines the inside of the bladder and urinary tract

administers the HIPAA standards

CMS(centers for Medicare and Medicaid services)

responsible for the labeling document

FDA (US Food and Drug Administration)

provides information on proper use of PPE

CDC (Center for Disease Control)

protects workers from workplace injury and illness

(Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

requires manufacturers to provide the IFU'S for devices

FDA (Food and Drug Administration)

organization that wrote ST79

AAMI (Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation)

surveyors from this organization are required to ask if you reprocess duodenoscopes

CMS

enforces the bloodborne pathogen standard

OSHA

regulates the reprocessing of single use devices

FDA

published the "essential elements of reprocessing for flexible endoscopes"

CDC

regulates the transporting of minimally processed items outside of healthcare facilities

DOT(department of transportation)

responsible to minimizing greenhouse gases

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)

registers antimicrobials

EPA

describe the difference between internal and external probes

Internal probes are inserted into body cavities

external probes are passed over body surfaces

visual examination of the interior structures of the body is called

endoscopy

a person who performs visual examination of the interior structures of the body is called

an endoscopist

when using flexible endoscope instruments are introduced into the body through the

Biopsy port

along with benefits to the patients, endoscopic procedures benefit the facility by

Reducing procedure time

the insertion tube of a flexible endoscope can contain the

instrument channel

gram negative stain color is

red

relative humidity in all endoscopic work areas should not exceed

60%

when carrying flexible endoscope, they should always be held at the

control head

the process of identifying all risks to and from an activity and assigning the potential impact of each risk is called

risk assessment

assessing the hearts function

TEE probes

the relationship between human beings and the system with which they interact

human factors

The portion of the flexible endoscope that contains water/suction valves and angulation knobs is the?

control body

bacteria are divided into groups based on

gram stain color

the leak detector should be connected to---- portion of the endoscope

venting connection

the recommended temperature for the endoscope clean processing area should be at what temp?

60-73 degrees

packaging material approved for hydrogen peroxide plasma sterilization include

tyvek pouches

the most complex type of endoscope is the

flexible endoscope

endo spores are formed

inside the bacteria cell

specific tasks to be done, time horizons for these tasks, and resource allocation are all part of an effective:

action plan

regulations and standards establish

minimum levels of quality and safety

this organization is responsible for promoting health and quality of life

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

located at the end, this tube connects the endoscope to the light source

light guide tube (light connector)

this tube connects the light connector to the control body

universal cord/light tube

allows instruments to be inserted and enables the physician to perform certain procedures

internal instrument channel (working channel)

The portion of the flexible endoscope that enters the body, protects inner components, houses air, water and channels.

insertion tube

cannulating the biliary or pancreatic duct

ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography)

used to diagnose lung cancer, infections and other diseases

EBUS(endobronchial ultrasound)

pathogen aggressiveness is also referred to as

virulence

Rod shaped bacteria

bacilli

spiral or ball shaped bacteria

cocci

bacteria that are curved, spiral or corkscrew shaped

spirochetes

1. gown

2. mask

3. goggles/face shield

4. shoe covers

5. gloves

putting on PPE

1.shoe covers

2. gloves

3. goggles/face shield

4. gown

5. mask

6. head cover

7. wash hands

taking off PPE

Removing or reducing contamination by infectious organisms on a device

decontamination