Immune system

What makes up the immune system

lymphatic system and certain blood cells

Virus definition

multi celled but can only reproduce inside a plant animal or person

Bacteria definition

tiny one celled creatures can live outside or inside body

Fungi definition

Multi celled but plant like; takes nutrients from plants tree or animal

Protozoa

One celled creatures

usually spread through water

Parasites definition

actual complex living organism

can live in intestinal tract or blood stream

Protein pathogen definition

multi celled but can only reproduce inside a plant animal or person

What is phagocytosis

process of engulfing pathogen

Where are primary lymphoid tissue

thymus

bone marrow

Where are secondary lymphoid tissue

tonsils, adenoids, spleen, peyer’s patch, appendix

Antibodies

special protein produced by immune system

Macrophages

large WBC that use phagocytose antigens

What is an example of a immunodeficiency disorder

AIDS

What do autoimmune disorders do

body attacks healthy cells

Functions of immune system

Protection

maintain homeostasis by eliminating damaged cells

Recognizing and guarding against abnormal cells (inflammatory response)

Mucous membrane function

traps germs and allows immune cells to catch and attack them

Bone marrow function

produce immubne cells

Thymus function

allows fror immune cells to mature

Where is the thymus located

upper chest behind sternum and in front of and above heart

What is the precursor to blood cells

myeloid progenitor cells

what is the precursor to T and B cells

lymphoid progenitor cell

lymphatic system function

network of tiny vessels that allow immune cells to travel
between tissues and the bloodstream

What is lymp

milky fluid that carries lymphocytes

lymph nodes

small lumps that help lymphatic system communicate

Spleen function

processes info from the blood

Cells involved in innate immunity

NK cells

Macrophages

Neutrophiles

What are natural killer cells

secretes toxins that kill virus infected cells and tumor cells

Neutrophiles function

phagocytose bacteria

How long does acquired immunity take after birth

days to become fully functions after birth

When can acquired immunity appear

fetal life

What does fetal liver produce

stem cells

What is passive natural adaptive immunity

antibodies passed from mother to fetus

What is natural active adaptive immunity

antigens enter body natural through immune serum medicine

What is active adaptive immunity

immunity you get from an infection or vaccine

What is active natural adaptive immunity

antibodies made after exposure to an infection

What is active artificial adaptive immunity

antibodies made after getting vaccine

Helper T cells

stimulates B cells to produce more antibodies

Suppressor T cells

inhibits both B and T cells activities

Memory T cells

responds to specific antigens

What are B cells

Coated with immunoglobulins that recognize antigens and willl stimulate an specific antigen antibody reaction

What is IgA

found in mucous membrane especially along respiratory passages and GI tract

Protects mucous membrane on body surfaces

saliva tears breast milk

What is IgG

Most abundant antibody and found in all body fluids

protects against bacterial and viral infections

which Immunoglobulin crosses the placenta to provide immunity

IgG

IgM

Found mainly in blood and lymph fluid and causes antigens to clump together

Which Immunoglobulin will be the first to fight a new infection

IgM

What is IgE

Responsible for allergic reaction

binds to mast cells and basophils to release histamine

IgD

Exists in small amounts in blood and attached to B cells

results in B cell activation

What is the most least understood antibody

Immunoglobulin D (IgD)