Consumer Studies Gr11

What are the 6 design elements?

Line

Shape

Form

Space

Texture

Colour

What are the types of lines?

Horizontal

Vertical

Diagonal

Curved

Function of vertical lines

Draws eyes up and down creating height

Adds strength and stability

Function of horizontal lines

Draws eyes across creating the illusion of width.

Creates a restful atmosphere.

Function of diagonal lines

Suggests activity and keeps eye moving.

Too many create an unbalanced effect.

Function of curved lines

Add graceful softening effect

Shape definition

Area enclosed by lines. Outside dimension/ silhouette.

Form definition

3D shapes, has volume.

Space definition

Distance/ area between and around shapes and forms.

Texture definition

How it feels or is expected to feel.

Tactile

How something feels

Visual texture

The illusion of texture

What does colour create?

Illusion

What are the 5 Design principles

Proportion

Balance

Rhythm

Emphasis

Harmony

3 types of balance

Radial

Symmetrical (formal)

Asymmetrical (informal)

Proportion definition

Scale in relationship of object and design. Use unequal portions.

Balance definition

Sense of weight as eye sees it.

Rhythm

Repetition of design forces movement.

Repetition definition

Repeats

Progression definition

Increases size wise

Alternation definition

Change of colours and shapes. Gives rhythm.

Emphasis

Calls attention and is the focal point.

Harmony

Final result when designs cooperate and complement each other.

4 types of rhythm

Repetition

Progression

Alternation

Contrast

Hue

Property by which colour is recognised. Chromatic colours have hue.

Colour value

Relative lightness or darkness of a colour measured by degree to which light is reflected.

Colour intensity

Purity or strength of a colour measured by its brightness.

Achromatic colours

Neutral colours: black, white and grey

Primary colours

Red

Blue

Yellow

Secondary colours

Violet

Orange

Green

Chromatic colours

All colours on the colour wheel apart from black, white and grey.

Effects of warm colours

Stimulating and energetic. Advancing colours.

Effects of cool colours

Quiet and subdued. Receding colours.

Monochromatic

One colour with its tints and shades.

Analogous colour scheme

Two or more colours next to each other on the colour wheel.

Complementary colours

2 colours that lie opposite each other on the colour wheel.

Double complementary colours

2 analogous colours with their opposite complementary colours.

Split complementary

1 colour and the two colours on either side of its complement,

Triad

Any 3 colours equidistant in the colour wheel.

How to balance an inverted triangle shaped body

Dark colours to conceal upper body.

Use v-neck to draw attention to face.

Emphasise hips and legs.

Use vertical details.

How to balance a pear shaped body.

Emphasise upper body with light and bright colours and horizontal lines.

Avoid tops that end at hips.

Avoid details that draw attention to hips.