Cognitive/ Affective practice multiple choice

What is the most important contribution that Weiner's attributional analysis makes to the study of emotion?

People can experience different emotions to the same outcome.

Which is known as the bonding hormone?

Oxytocin

Which of the following events prompts the individual to make a secondary appraisal of a potentially stressful event?

Primary appraisal

Which one is not one of Grice's maxims?

Maxim of cooperation

We stop when the traffic light is red. How do we call this phenomenon?

Avoidance learning

Which of the following is not a mechanism driving forgetting episodic memories?

Extinction

Results from the think/no-think paradigm developed by Michael Anderson and Colin Green suggest that...

Inhibitory processes might play a role in the forgetting of episodic memories

What defines the timbre of a sound?

Spectral content and amplitude envelope

Which one of these is a widely used test of semantic memory?

Pyramids and Palm Trees Test

Which one is not true about the modularity theory of mentalization?

Mentalization develops around 5 years of age.

Which of the following is NOT true about sound localization?

It has a dominance over visual localization

Which of the following symptom families appears most often first in Alzheimer's disease?

Anterograde amnesia

The Relevance theory of communication...

Claims that it is enough to recognize the speaker's informative intentions for successful communication.

Which statement is not true about the code model of communication?

Communication is symmetric.

The negative reinforcement

:Increases the possibility of the occurrence of the behavior

All cognitive emotion theorists endorse the position that

:The appraisal, not the stimulus event itself, causes emotion.

The experiment of Garcia and Koelling (1966) was a good example for one of these phenomena

:The biological constraints of conditioning

Imagine that tomorrow at an exam you cannot recall a learned answer because you had also learned for today's exam. Which process can be at work?

Proactive interference

The emotion of ___ facilitates cohesiveness in social groups.

Fear

Which theory is not one of the theories describing semantic memory organization?

Scenario theories

The facial feedback hypothesis

:Asserts that emotion arises from proprioceptive feedback from facial behavior

In considering how motivation and emotion relate to one another, which statement is most accurate?

Emotions function as one type of motive.

Which statement is true?

Episodic memory is a memory system, recollection is a memory process.

Autobiographic memories have semantic components.

The audibility function shows

:Hearing threshold in relation to different frequencies

Which one is not one of the heuristics described by Kahneman and Tversky?

Confirmation

Who put forth the Relevance theory of communication?

Sperber and Wilson

A person suffers from retrograde amnesia since one year ago. Which cognitive process is impaired most?

Remembering salient events from the person's life that happened a couple of months ago.

What is NOT true about learning?

Cognitive maturation

The Wason task...

All of the above

The two factors highlighted in the Flow Model are

:Personal skill and challenge level of the task

When we keep on calling a busy number, it's an example for

:Variable interval schedule reinforcement

Which anatomical structure is NOT involved in sound processing?

Eustachian-tube

Which is a symptom of semantic dementia?

Impaired word retrieval

Which heuristic makes us ignore base rates in forming judgments?

Representativeness

The framing effect emerges in the "Asia disease" experiment because of

:Loss aversion

Motivation study concerns itself with the processes that give behavior its

:Energy and direction

Problem-space theory..

Claims that we use operators to navigate between possible states.

Which need does not lead to intrinsic motivation?

Need for safety

Which is not true about the traveling wave theory of hearing?

Sounds with different frequencies resonate certain parts of the basilar membrane similar to piano strings.

Which part of the brain is responsible for the executive functions?

Prefrontal cortex

What is a form of creativity?

Divergent thinking

Saying "no, I don't think so" is associated with which brain part?

Prefrontal cortex

Motivational theories say that drive leads to...

Energizes behavior and causes action

WCST stands for...

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test

Campbell and Robson's multichannel model...

The visual system creates neural representations on different spatial scales

What is it called when you take aspirin, it has a good effect, and you want to take it again?

Negative reinforcer

What is not true about the somatosensory cortex?

It is in the occipital lobe

In facial metrics, what is an attractive feature in women?

All of the above

Köhler experiment with monkeys showed...?

Insight

What is true for implicit memory and not explicit memory?

It is reflected in behavior

What kind of memory is it when you remember something that will happen in the future?

Prospective memory

How was motivation explained in the 1700s?

Motivation arises from the passions of the body and the reason of the mind

Subjective experience of joy...?

Medial forebrain bundle

Brain structure involved in top-down attentional control?

Frontal cortex

Describing word of language and words

:Syntax, semantics, linguistics

Which statement best reflects the study of motivation circa 1700?

Motivation arises from the passions of the body and the reason of the mind

A rat deprived of food will learn a new response even if rewarded with saccharine. This finding is most problematic for which theory?

Drive theory

The greater one's effectance motivation, the greater one's desire to seek out and approach situations that...?

Challenge existing skills and competencies

According to Deci and Ryan's cognitive evaluation theory, an external event is controlling when it...?

Acts more like a negative reinforcer than a positive reinforcer

According to Campbell & Robson's multichannel model of vision, the visual system...?

Creates neural representations on different spatial scales

Information from the left visual field goes to which brain areas?

Right hemisphere

Sensory information that depends upon both touch and kinesthesis is called

:Haptics

Schematic knowledge is useful as

:A hierarchy with scripts and frames that includes our knowledge

On Conway's memory model, the working self...?

Comprises a set of active goals and self-images

Which is NOT part of Baddeley's working memory model?

Semantic buffer

Which syndrome is characterized by ignoring one side of space?

Hemispatial agnosia

Basic speech sounds are called

:Phonemes

The stage of creative thought during which problem solving proceeds subconsciously is the ___ stage.

Illumination

Whose theory of motivation states that the purpose of behavior is to satisfy bodily needs?

Freud

If need-based energy accumulates unchecked over time, motivation arises as psychological anxiety according to...?

Freud

Once action is initiated, bodily need and psychological anxiety are quieted according to...?

Freud's drive theory

The outstanding feature of Hull's drive theory was that

:Motivation could be predicted from antecedent conditions before it occurred

A crucial concept in Hull's theory that explained when learning occurred and habit was reinforced was

:Drive reduction

What important event in motivation history occurred in the 1960s?

Researchers rejected grand theories in favor of mini-theories

A mini-theory of motivation seeks to explain

:A single motivational phenomenon

Which was NOT one of the events leading to mini-theories replacing grand theories?

The assumption that humans are naturally active rather than passive

Plato's portrayal of motivation was remarkably similar to whose later portrayal?

Freud

Amnesic patients in classic conditioning learning situations usually...?

Learn at a normal rate

Tulving's "mental time travel" refers to

:Episodic memory

Gestalt psychology claims that

:Organization of associations

Binocular parallax in spatial vision interacts with monocular effects

:As a factor independent of object/shape perception

Which brain area is important for top-down attentional control?

Frontal cortex

Which brain structure is involved in generating pleasure or reinforcement?

Medial forebrain bundle

After Sperling briefly presented a matrix of letters, a tone was emitted to...?

Avoid forgetting during reporting

True or false

The primary visual cortex is located in the parietal lobe.:False

The role of the basilar membrane in hearing is

:Coding of frequency

Size-constancy is

:Independent of viewing conditions

Conditions within the individual essential for maintenance of life and growth are called

:Needs

The study of what speakers say and the meaning of the language they use is called

:Pragmatics