Lymphatic Diseases Practice Flashcards

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering causative agents, transmission modes, and symptoms of lymphatic and cardiovascular system diseases including bacterial, viral, protozoan, and retroviral pathogens.

Septicemia / Sepsis - Causative Agent

Various bacteria (E. coli, Staphylococc us s aureus) and fungi

Septicemia / Sepsis - Type of Microbes

bacteria and fungi

Septicemia / Sepsis - Mode of Transmission

entering the blood via wounds, IV lines, or infection

rapid heartbeat, confusion, low blood pressure, gastroinestial issues and altered mental state

Septicemia / Sepsis - Symptoms

Septicemia / Sepsis - Prevention

-sterile procedures

-early infection treatment

Septicemia / Sepsis - treatment

-IV antibiotics

-fluids

-oxygen

-therapy

Acute Endocarditis - causative agent

Bacterial infection (staphylococc us aureus or streptococc us pyogenes

Acute Endocarditis - - Mode of Transmission

entering the bloodstream via needles or dental work

Acute Endocarditis - symptoms

heart murmurs/heartbeat, anemia, abdominal pain, and petechiae.

Acute Endocarditis - treatment

-IV antibiotics

-surgery if needed

Acute Endocarditis - prevention

-aseptic techniques,

-good dental hygiene

Subacute Endocarditis - causative agent

streptococcus viridans (normal flora)

entering the bloodstream after dental procedures

Subacute Endocarditis - transmission

(slow and less pronounced symptoms)

valve damage and an enlarged spleen

Subacute Endocarditis - symptoms

Subacute Endocarditis - treatment

Prolonged antibiotic therapy

Subacute Endocarditis -prevention

Antibiotic prophylaxis, before dental work (for at-risk)

Plague (Bubonic) - causative agent

Yersinia pestis

Plague (Bubonic) - transmission

Flea bite from infected rodent

Plague (Bubonic) - symptoms

swollen/necrosis lymph nodes and buboes in the groin or axillary region

Plague (Bubonic) - treatment

-streptomycin 

-gentamicin

Plague (Bubonic) - prevention

-rodent/flea control

-avoid infected animals

Tularemia - causative agent

Francisella tularensis

Tularemia - symptoms

ulcers, swollen lymph nodes, conjunctival inflammation,and pulmonary involvemen

Tularemia - treatment

-streptomycin

-gentamicin

Tularemia - prevention

-avoid wild animal handling

-protective gear

Lyme Disease - type of microbe

spirochete bacteria

Lyme Disease - causative agent

Borrelia burgdorferi

Lyme Disease - transmission

bite of the Ixodes (deer) tick

Lyme Disease - symptoms

bull’s-eye rash and joint pain.

Lyme Disease - treatment

-doxycycline

-amoxicillin

Lyme Disease - prevention

-tick repellents

-protective clothing

Infectious Mononucleosis

Viral syndrome caused by the epstein–Bar virus (EBV) or cytomegalov irus CMV transmitted via saliva, characterized by cervical lymphadenopathy, gray-white exudates in the throat, and enlarged spleen and liver.

Infectious Mononucleosis - casuative agsnt

epstein–Bar virus (EBV) or cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Infectious Mononucleosis - transmission

via saliva or kissing

Infectious Mononucleosis - symptoms

cervical lymphadenopathy, gray-white exudates in the throat, and enlarged spleen and liver.

Infectious Mononucleosis - treatment

-supportive care 

-rest

Infectious Mononucleosis - prevention

avoid sharing drinks

Yellow Fever -

Disease caused by the Yellow fever virus (Flavivirus) and transmitted by the ades mosquito; symptoms include jaundice, muscle pain, and disruption of the blood clotting system.

Yellow Fever - causative agent

Yellow fever virus (Flavivirus

Yellow Fever - transmission

ades mosquito

Yellow Fever - symptoms

jaundice, muscle pain, and disruption of the blood clotting system.

Yellow Fever - treatment

-supportive care 

-rest

Yellow Fever - prevention

-vaccine

-avoid mosquitoes

Dengue fever - causative agent

Dengue fever virus

(Flavivirus)

Dengue fever - transmission

ades mosquito

Dengue fever - symptoms

severe joint pain (breakbone fever) and a rash

Dengue fever - treatment

-supportive care 

-rest

Dengue fever - prevention

-mosquito control

-avoid bites

Ebola - causative agent

Ebola virus (Filo virus)

Ebola - transmission

contact with body fluids

Ebola - symptoms

extensive capillary fragility, massive internal/external hemorrhage, and bleeding from orifices and mucous membranes

Ebola - treatment

-supportive therapy

-experimental antivirals

Ebola - prevention

-avoid contact with infected

-PPE

-isolation

Lassa Fever - causative agent

Lassa virus (Arenavirus

Lassa Fever - transmission

contact with rodent urine or feces

Lassa Fever - symptoms

chest pain, hemorrhaging, vomiting, diarrhea, and occasionally encephalitis

Lassa Fever - treatment

-ribavirin (if early),

-supportive care

Lassa Fever - prevention

-rodent control

-food protection

Malaria - type of microbe

Protozoa

Malaria - causative agent

Plasmodium spp.

Malaria - transmission

Bite of Anopheles mosquito

Malaria - symptoms

cyclic fevers, anemia, and vague aches

Malaria - treatment

-antimalarials meds

-chloroquine

-artemisinin

Malaria - prevention

prophylaxis

-mosquito control

-bed nets

Anthrax - causative agent

Bacterial disease by Bacillus anthracis

Anthrax - transmission

via contact, ingestion, or inhalation of spores

Anthrax - symptoms

skin lesions, respiratory distress, and shock.

Anthrax - treatment

-ciprofloxacin

-doxycycline

Anthrax - prevention

-vaccination (for at- risk)

-avoid infected animals

HIV / AIDS - causative agent

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a retro virus

HIV / AIDS - transmission

sexual contact, blood transfusions, or needle sharing

HIV / AIDS - symptoms

weight loss, infections, and immune suppression.

HIV / AIDS - treatment

Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)

HIV / AIDS - prevention

-safe sex

-screened blood

sterile

needles