Proteomics

Proteome

the entire protein complement expressed by a genome

Proteomics

qualitative and quantitative studies of protein expression and function

Post-translational Modifications (PTMs)

chemical modifications (such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and methylation) that regulate protein activity and exponentially increase the overall complexity of the proteome

Trypsin

a digestive protease enzyme used to fragment intact proteins into smaller peptides by specifically cutting at lysine and arginine residues prior to analysis

Tandem mass-spectrometry (MS/MS)

an analytical method that first measures the mass of an intact tryptic peptide (precursor ion) and then fragments it using neutral gas to measure the masses of the resulting product ions for sequencing

Protein families

sets of proteins that are related by sequence

Interactome

the complete set of protein-protein interactions present within a biological system

Yeast two-hybrid

a biological technique used to identify binary protein interactions by fusing test proteins to the activation and binding domains of a transcription factor

Affinity-purification mass-spectrometry (AP-MS)

a methodology that uses an antibody to purify a specific "bait" protein alongside its associated interacting proteins

STRING

a database interface for exploring functional protein networks that integrates known protein-protein interactions with indirect functional associations and provides a combined score for each interaction

Ontology

a framework for organizing information that is built upon a vocabulary of standardized terms

Gene Ontology

a dynamic and controlled vocabulary structured as a hierarchical graph that aims to unify biology by categorizing shared core biological functions across diverse eukaryotes

Molecular Function

a division of the Gene Ontology that defines the specific biochemical activities occurring at the molecular level to describe what a protein does

Biological Process

a division of the Gene Ontology that categorizes the broader series of cellular events accomplished by one or more molecular functions to describe what processes a protein is involved in

Cellular Component

a division of the Gene Ontology that describes the specific parts or organelles of a cell to indicate where a protein acts