Fundamentals Exam #1 Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering nursing fundamentals including key historical figures, legal standards, insurance systems, sentinel events, interpersonal relationship phases, and vital sign assessment.

Clara Barton

Founder of the Red Cross.

Florence Nightingale

Nursing pioneer recognized for infection control and documentation.

Dorthea Dix

Advocacy leader for Mental Health.

American Nurses Association (ANA)

The organization that sets national Standards of Practice via the Nurse Practice Act (NPA).

Nurse Practice Act (NPA)

Legislation that defines the legal scope of practice for nurses and is adapted by the State Board of Nursing (BON).

State Board of Nursing (BON)

The body responsible for nursing licensure and discipline.

Affordable Care Act (ACA)

Healthcare legislation aimed at increasing the access and affordability of healthcare.

Medicaid

Healthcare coverage specifically for low-income individuals.

Medicare Part A

The portion of the age-based insurance program that covers inpatient services.

Medicare Part B

The portion of the age-based insurance program that covers outpatient services.

Medicare Part D

The portion of the age-based insurance program that covers medications.

OTC

Over the Counter medications.

DRGs (Diagnosis Related Groups)

A classification system used based on diagnosis ($Dx$), age, and gender.

Sentinel Event

An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury, which must be reported to TJC (The Joint Commission).

Electronic Health Record (EHR)

An informatics technology that increases communication and knowledge but may decrease direct patient care.

ATT (Authorization to test)

A notification for testers which is valid for a period of $90$ days.

QSEN (Quality and Safety Education)

A framework consisting of Patient Centered Care, Teamwork collaboration, Quality Improvement, Evidence based practice, Safety, and Informatics.

Peplau's Orientation Phase

The first phase of interpersonal relationships where the client seeks help.

Peplau's Identification Phase

The second phase of interpersonal relationships characterized by role establishment.

Peplau's Exploitation Phase

The third phase of interpersonal relationships, designated as the active working phase.

Peplau's Resolution Phase

The final phase of interpersonal relationships, known as termination.

Pulse Deficit

A measurement where two nurses simultaneously assess the apical pulse (auscultation) and radial pulse (palpation); a difference within $5$ is considered normal.

Pulse Scale (+1)

A weak pulse measurement.

Pulse Scale (+2)

A normal pulse measurement.

Pulse Scale (+3)

A strong pulse measurement.

Pulse Scale (+4)

A bounding pulse measurement.

Copayment

A fee that is due at the time of service.

Precertification

Insurance approval that is required before a service is performed.

Hospice

End of life care for patients with a prognosis of less than $6$ months.

Palliative Care

Care focused on comfort and symptom ($Sx$) relief.

OARS (Motivational Interviewing)

An acronym for Open-ended Questions, Affirmations, Reflective Listening (Active), and Summarizing.