Bible chp. 3 - Islam flashcards

Allah

Arabic word for God

Zakat

third pillar of Islam; donation of 2.5 percent of a Muslim's annual income

Dhimmi

non-Muslims living in Islamic states

Ummah

from the Arabic word for "nation"; is the collective community of Muslims around the world

Sunni

largest branch of Islam; believes Muhammad's successor should be chosen by a consensus of Muslims

Jihadi

an Islamist who embraces the use of terrorism in pursuit of jihad

Dhimmitude

a provision in shariah law that allows dhimmis (non-muslims) to live in Islamic states in exchange for paying the jizya

Sunnah

part of the Hadith describing Muhammad's actions; used as a second source for law

Hadith

the oral history of Muhammad's teachings, rulings, and the actions of his early companions

Shiite

second largest branch of Islam; believes that Muhammad's successor should be someone from his bloodline

Shariah law

derived from Quran, and Sunnah, moral and legal code that governs the lives of Muslims

Hajj

fifth pillar of Islam, the mandatory pilgrimage to Mecca

Mecca

birthplace of Muhammad, very holy, Hajj

Shahada

first pillar of Islam; confession of faith "there is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet."

Jihad

translated from Arabic meaning struggle, both the inner spiritual battle of every Muslim to fulfill his religious duties and the outer, physical struggle against the enemies of Islam

shirk

the unforgivable sin of idolatry or polytheism, in Arabic it means to "partner" another with God; holy trinity

Sawm

the fourth pillar of Islam, fasting from food, sex, and smoking during the month of Ramadan

Jizyah

tax imposed on dhimmis living in Islamic states

Salat

second pillar of Islam; praying 5 times a day while facing Mecca

Quran

holy book of Islam that Muslims believe to be the literal word of God, recited verbatim from God to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel

Sufis

branch of Islam that arose as a protest to the worldliness invading the Muslim faith, believes that Allah has a personal and mystical future