Chem ch 20- enzymes

Enzymes

lower the activation

energy required for a reaction to

occur.

• This speeds up reactions

• It can also make reactions occur

that would otherwise be unlikely

or impossible

Functions of Enzymes

Functions of Enzymes

enzyme shapes

shape of the enzymes is most apparent at the active site, where a very specific, 3-dimensional arrangement of amino acids allows for high selectivity for substrates

Active Site and Substrate

Isomerases

catalyzes isomeration reactions to create different isomers of molecules

Transferases

catalyzes the transfer of functional groups from 1 molecule to another molecule

Ligases

catalyzes the combining of 2 molecules to make one bigger moleucle

Hydrolases

catalyzes hydrolysis reaction which results in the breaking of bonds

Lyases

catalyze breaking/cleavage of bonds w/o the use of hydrolysis

Oxidoreductases

catalyzes oxidation reduction reactions, which involve the transfer of electrons

can be denatured as well

enzymes

Enzymatic Regulation

Enzymes are controlled by the presence of regulators.

• These regulators bind to the

allosteric site of the

enzyme, activating it or

deactivating it.