Systems in the human body

Cardiovascular system

Transports oxygen, nutrients and wastes throughout the body using blood

Heart

Main organ that pumps blood around the body

Blood vessels

Tubes that carry blood (arteries, veins, capillaries)

Blood

Fluid that carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones and waste

Respiratory system

Allows gas exchange (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out)

Lungs

Main organs where gas exchange occurs

Trachea

Air passage that carries air to the lungs

Bronchi

Tubes branching into lungs that carry air

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

Digestive system

Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients

Mouth

Starts digestion by chewing and saliva action

Oesophagus

Tube that moves food to the stomach

Stomach

Breaks down food using acid and enzymes

Small intestine

Absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream

Large intestine

Absorbs water and forms waste (faeces)

Liver

Produces bile to help digest fats

Pancreas

Produces digestive enzymes

Nervous system

Controls and coordinates body activities and responses

Brain

Control centre of the body

Spinal cord

Transmits messages between brain and body

Nerves

Carry signals throughout the body

Neurons

Special cells that transmit nerve impulses

Sense organs

Detect stimuli (eyes, ears, skin, nose, tongue)

Skeletal system

Supports body, protects organs and helps movement

Bones

Provide structure and protect internal organs

Cartilage

Flexible tissue that cushions joints

Ligaments

Connect bones together

Joints

Allow movement between bones

Bone marrow

Produces blood cells