His 101 final

Who painted "Garden of Earth Delights"?

Bosch

Who created "Self-Portrait" of themselves in the Renaissance?

Albert Durer

Who painted "Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride"?

Van Eyck

Who sculpted David from marble?

Michelangelo

Who painted "School of Athens"?

Raphael

Who designed the interior of "San Lorenzo"?

Brunelleschi

Who painted "The Last Supper"?

Leonardo da Vinci

Who designed the "Dome of Duomo"?

Filippo

Who made a metal statue of David?

Donatello

Who painted "Tribute Money"?

Masaccio

What does Renaissance mean?

rebirth/revival

What is another word for a disagreement in the Church?

Schism

What was the reason for the Black Death?

Rats infested with fleas

French peasant girl in the Hundred Years War

Joan of Arc

What trading route help spread the Black Death?

Silk Road

What started because Agrarian citizens moved to the city?

Famine

The percentage of the European population who died because of the Black Death?

~50%

Why was it called the Black Death?

Created black and purple spots made on the skin

What impact did the Black Death have on the economy?

Supply and Demand issue

Who were blamed for the Black Death?

Jews

How did the Black Death compare in hotter climates?

Killed 3% in India

How have modern scientists tracked the Black Death?

Analysis of the genome

How were the dead buried in the Black Death?

Normal burial

What time period did the Hundred Year War last?

1350-1450

Who was the Hundred Years War between?

England and France

Why did the Holy Roman Church decline?

Authority Issue

Who was the Great Schism between?

Roman Pope vs French Pope
Eastern Orthodox vs Western Byzantine

What did the Pope Boniface VIII declare when France wanted to tax the clergy?

Non-religious leaders cannot tax churches

What were the 10 big issues during the Great Schism?

1. Diff Social Structures, 2. Diff Cultures, 3. Diff Philosophies, 4. Diff Languages, 5. Geographical Distance, 6. Communion (unleavened bread), 7. Clerical Celibacy, 8. Politics, 9. Authority, 10. Inconoclasm (attacking/rejecting values)

Who created Divine Comedy?

Dante

Who created The Canterbury Tales?

Chaucer

What is divine comedy?

a story of a trip from hell to heaven

What is the Canterbury Tales?

29 pilgrims going to Thomas Becket tomb in Canterbury and telling stories along the way

What are 3 Tech Innovations from the Middle Ages?

Mechanical Clock, eyeglasses and paper, and gunpowder and cannons

Who made the best Mechanical clock from the Middle Ages?

Giovanni Di Dondi

Who were the wealthy Italian family in Florence?

The Medici

Who was a German realism painter in the Renaissance?

Albert Durer

Who was Petrarch?

Father of Humanism

What areas in Europe followed Lutherism?

Germany, Scandinavia

What areas in Europe followed Calvinism?

Switzerland, France, Netherlands

Who was the most important Humanism Christian?

Erasmus

What did Erasmus believe?

Believed that the works of Jesus should be the Churches doctrine

Who translated the New Testament to Dutch?

Erasmus

What did Thomas More write?

Utopia

Who wrote the 95 Theses?

Martin Luther

Who translated the New Testament to German?

Martin Luther

What did John Calvin believe in?

Predestination

What decision was made at the Council of Trent?

They reaffirmed the Catholic Church was in the right.

What was King Philip II of Spain's view of the Catholic Church?

Pro-Church

What was Queen Elizabeth of England's view of the Church?

She wanted compromise.

When did Christopher Columbus land in the Americas?

1492

What was the Cape of Good Hope?

Dutch East India Co. supply base on the southern tip of Africa that eventually became a colony.

What were negatives of trading in the East?

Tolls, fluctuating currencies, theft and pirates, Portugal's monopoly on spices

Motivation for Crossing the Atlantic

1. Trade, 2. Resources, 3. Religion, 4. Competition, 5. Imperialism, 6. Self pride, 7. Adventure, 8. Curiosity, 9. Exploitation, 10. Opportunity

What does imperialism mean?

Exerting control or authority over another whether political, economical, cultural, or religiously without legally taking over

Mercantilism

Export more than you import; amass all the wealth possible

What did Christopher Columbus explore?

Caribbean and Central America mainland

What did Cabot explore?

New England coastline

What did Vespucci and Cabral explore?

South America

What did Balboa explore?

Panama and parts of the Pacific Ocean

What did Magellan explore?

Tip of South America and Philippine Islands

What major accomplishment did Magellan achieve?

First to circumnavigate the world

What was the first British colony in the Americas?

Jamestown, Virginia 1607

What did the Colombian exchange trade?

Goods for goods

What did the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade (triangle) exchange?

Goods for humans

What good was exported the most in the Transatlantic Slave Trade?

Sugarcane

What were Spanish Conquistadors goal?

"God, Gold, and Glory" ; pillagers

Who were the Mayans?

Known for art, temples, pyramids, farming, Mayan calendar

What was the Mayan calendar?

Extremely accurate and unique calendar

Who were the Aztecs?

Great warriors

Who were the Incas?

Great builders

What were positives of European expansion?

Expansion of wealth from world trade, exchange of goods, discovery, and spread of Christianity

What were negatives of European expansion?

Greed, pillaging, enslavement, repression of natives

What was humanism?

An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements

Who was the 30 years war between?

Catholics and Protestants

What were indulgences?

People could pay money and be freed of their sins.

Renaissance Papacy

The line of popes from the end of the Great Schism to the Reformation; seen as corrupt

What did higher ups in the Roman Catholic Church do for friends and family?

Nepotism

What is absolutism?

a system of government in which a ruler holds total power

Baroque Art

Started after the Renaissance; exaggerated detail

What are boyars?

Russian nobles

What is a pogrom?

organized violence against Jews

Who painted the Birth of Venus?

Botticelli

Who wrote "The Prince"?

Machiavelli

What did John Hus believe?

urged the elemination of the corruption of the clergy

Who were the Huguenots?

French Protestants influenced by John Calvin

What was secularism?

A doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations.

What was the Catholic Inquisition?

tribunal for investigating and prosecuting charges of heresy

What was the Third Estate?

3 estate, the bourgeois (middle class), the laborers and peasants, 97% of population, did pay taxes; lead to peasant revolt

How many slaves were sent to the Americas in the Transatlantic Slave Trade?

At least 10 million