SCOTUS cases ap gov

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Article III- Judicial Review

The Supreme Court is allowed to nullify an act of the legislative or executive branch that violates the Constitution

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Elastic Clause (Necessary and Proper Clause)/ Supremacy Clause

Established supremacy of the US Constitution and federal laws over state laws

Schenck v. United States (1919)

First Amendment Free Speech

Speech creating a “clear and present danger” is not protected

Brown v. Board of Education I (1954)

14th amendment free speech

raced based segregation is illegal

Baker v. Carr (1961)

14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause Established “one man, one vote” and opens door to courts to reviewing redistricting challenges

Engel v. Vitale (1962)

1st Amendment Establishment Clause Schools cannot sponsor religious activities. No state sponsored prayer

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

Sixth Amendment Right to Counsel Guarantee of an attorney for the poor or indigent

Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)

First Amendment- Freedom of Speech (Symbolic Speech) Public school students have the right to wear black armbands in school to protest the Vietnam War because it does not cause a disruptio

New York Times Co. V. United States (1971)

First Amendment- Freedom of Press

Establishes a “heavy presumption against prior restraint” even in cases involving national security

Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)

First Amendment- Free Exercise Clause Cannot compel Amish students to attend school past the eighth grade

Roe v. Wade (1973)

Due Process Clause and 9^th Amendment implied right of privacy (establish through Griswold v. CT)

Protects the right of a woman to have an abortion

Shaw v. Reno (1993)

14^th Amendment Equal Protection Clause

Legislative redistricting must be conscious of race

United States v. Lopez (1995)

Commerce Clause

Congress may not use the commerce clause to make possession of a gun in a school zone a federal crime

McDonald v. Chicago (2010)

14^th Amendment due process clause, Privileges and Immunities Clause, 2^nd amendment

Right to keep and bear arms for self-defense applies to the states

Citizens United v. FEC (2010)

1^st Amendment Free Speech

Political spending by corporations, associations, and labor unions is protected and cannot be limited by law; Money = Speech