Patient Care

administered under the skin into the subcutaneous tissue that lies under the epidermal layers

subcutaneous

administered into muscle tissue that lies under the subcutaneous tissue layer

intramuscular

A method of delivering medication or vaccines into the dermis layer of the skin

intradermal

administration of medication through injection or infusion, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract

parenteral

administration of medication directly onto the skin or mucous membranes for localized effect

topical

oral, sublingual, buccal,or rectal administration of medication or nutrients

enteral

microorganism or agent that can cause disease

pathogen

single celled organism that can cause infection

bacteria

national organization that represents the U.S.hospitals and health systems, advocating for policies and resources that support safe, effective, and high-quality patient care

AHA

HIPPA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996

federal law that protects patients’ sensitive health information by setting national standards for the privacy, security, and permitted disclosure of protected health information (PHI)

HIPPA

AHA

American Hospital Association

PHI

protective health information

provide relief for harm, impose liability on those responsible, and deter harmful behavior

tort law

personal injury or damage resulting in civil action of litigation to obtain reparation for damages that occurred

tort

action done with intent to harm

intentional tort

unintentional tort

negligent of patient care, patient is injured as result

patient informed of all aspect of procedure prior to signing consent

informed consent

obtaining a patient’s permission to perform a procedure, without knowledge of that procedure

simple consent

patient does not stop procedure from taking place

express consent

emergency situation when it is not possible to obtain consent

implied consent

patient has not been informed adequately enough to make decision

inadequate consent

wrongful act by a physician, lawyer, or other which injures a patient/client

malpractice

Structural classification

what the joint it is made of

functional classification

what the joint can do (motion of rotation)

made of dense, fibrous connective tissue, no joint space

fibrous joint

made up of cartilage, no joint space, limited movement, shock absoprtion

cartilaginous joint

has a synovial capsule made of synovial fluid, true joint cavity, freely moveable

synovial joint

immovable

synarthrosis

slightly moveable

amphiarthrosis

freely moveable

diarthrosis

When would written consent be required?

during an invasive procedure/pregnancy form

used in xray to reduce patient motion

immobilization

requires a physician order, restricts patient’s freedom

restraint

written defamation

libel

verbal defamation

slander

“let the master answer”

Respondeat Superior

“the thing speaks for itself”

res ipsa loquitur

employer will be held responsible for employees actions

respondeat superior

would not have happened if tech had not been negligent

res ipsa loquitur

uses a magnet to take images

MRI

uses a high dose to take sliced images

CT

uses a small focal spot and low kVp to take breast images

mammography

uses soundwaves to take images

US

a radioactive isotope is injected

Nuclear medicine

blood circulation from body to lungs

superior + inferior vena cava > RA > Tricuspid valve > RV > pulmonary valve > pulmonary arteries

blood circulation from lungs to body

pulmonary veins > LA > bicuspid valve > LV > aortic valve > aorta

aka mitral valve

bicuspsid valve

bright red, rich is oxygen + nutrients and pumped from lungs to body to supply tissues

oxygenated blood

dark red, high in CO2 and waste products, returns from body to heart + lungs to recieve oxygen

deoxygenated blood

chip or piece away from main bone

avulsion fx

What kind of fx is this?

avulsion fx

fx of the 4th/5th metacarpal

boxer’s fx

What kind of fx is this?

boxer’s fx

fx of the 5th metatarsal base

jone’s fx

What kind of fx is this?

jones fx

fx resulting from falling on an outstretched hand (FOOSH)

colle’s fx

What kind of fx is this?

colle’s fx

fx resulting from landing on an inward stretched hand

smith fx

What kind of fx is this?

smith fx

chronic disorder disrupting the normal bone remodeling process, causing bones to grow larger, weaker, or misshapen

paget’s disease

reduces probability of transmission (disinfection)

medical asepsis

complete removal of organisms + spores

surgical asepsis

methods of sterilization

heat, gas, chemically

most effective method of infection prevention

handwashing

measures amount of urea nitrogen thats in the blood

BUN

measure of how well kidney’s are filtering waste

Creatinine

helps providers spot problems with kidneys, such as kidney diease

EGFR

GFR

Glomerular filtration rate

normal range for BUN

8-20 mg/dL

normal range for creatinine

0.7-1.2 mg/dL

normal range for EGFR

90-120 mL/min

EGFR range that suggests kidney disease

score below 60

injection into the subarachnoid space

intrathecal

EMR

electronic medical record

A patient is brought to the radiology department from a car accident with a weak, rapid pulse, low blood pressure, and feels cold and lacks color. This patient is showing signs of:

shock

Which of the following precautions need to be observed while a patient is undergoing oxygen therapy?

open flames must be prevented, all electrical equipment should be grounded, no smoking

legal document that outlines your preferences for medical care and life-sustaining treatments if you become unable to communicate or make decisions due to a terminal illness or incapacity

living will

DPOA

durable power of attorney

legal document that allows a trusted person to make decisions on your behalf

DPOA