UNIT 6: INFINITIVES AND GERUND FORMS

start/ begin + V-ing

for things that continue for a period

(diễn tả sự việc kéo dài trong một khoảng thời gian kể từ lúc bắt đầu)

e.g. When did you start smoking?

start/ begin + infinitive with to

for things that happen without any stop in between

(diễn tả sự việc tiếp diễn kéo dài liên tục)

e.g. He continued talking/ to talk, but nobody was listening.

continue + V-ing/ continue + infinitive with to

for things that happen without

any stop in between

(diễn tả sự việc tiếp diễn kéo dài liên tục)

e.g. He continued talking/ to talk, but nobody was listening.

continue with + noun

for things that happen without any stop in between

(diễn tả sự việc tiếp diễn kéo dài liên tục)

e.g. Are you going to continue with your studies?

keep (on) + V-ing

for things that happen without any stop in between

(diễn tả sự việc tiếp diễn kéo dài liên tục)

e.g. If you keep (on) trying, I am sure you’ll succeed.

carry (on) + V-ing

for things that happen without any stop in between

(diễn tả sự việc tiếp diễn kéo dài liên tục)

e.g. Despite the noise, she carried on working.

carry on with + noun

for things that happen without any stop in between

(diễn tả sự việc tiếp diễn kéo dài liên tục)

e.g. Despite the noise, she carried on with her work.

go on + V-ing

for things that happen without any stop in between

(diễn tả sự việc tiếp diễn kéo dài liên tục)

e.g. Despite the noise, she went on working

go on with + noun

for things that happen without any stop in between

(diễn tả sự việc tiếp diễn kéo dài liên tục)

e.g. Despite the noise, she went on with her work.

go on + infinitive with to

go on to + noun

do later as a result of progress or after a series of events (tiếp tục làm gì sau một chuỗi sự kiện)

e.g. He was a good athlete at school and he went on to become one of the best in the country.

can’t help + V-ing

be unable to stop doing something

(không thể không làm gì)

e.g. I can’t help thinking I’m doing the wrong thing.

stop + V-ing

stop something that has been continuing for a period of time

(ngưng làm một việc đã tiếp diễn trong một khoảng thời gian)

e.g. Stop worrying, everything is going to be fine.

stop + infinitive with to

stop for + noun

interrupt or stop an action to do something else

(ngưng một hành động để làm một việc khác)

e.g. On my way to school, I stopped to buy a newspaper.

finish + V-ing/ noun

complete something or reach the end of something

(hoàn thành việc gì)

e.g. Have you finished writing that letter of personal statement?

end up/ finish up + V-ing/ a situation

talk about what happens after a series of actions and events

(diễn tả việc xảy ra sau một chuỗi các hành động và sự kiện)

e.g. I was only going to stay there for a week but I ended up/ finished up staying for a month.

give up + noun/ V-ing

stop a habit (từ bỏ một thói quen)

e.g. Helen gave up smoking a few years ago.

stop/ prevent someone/ something from + V-ing/ noun

make it impossible for something to happen or for someone to do something

(ngăn ai làm gì/ ngăn việc gì xảy ra)

e.g. His illness prevented him from going to university.

avoid + V-ing

find a way not to do something you don’t want to

(tránh làm gì)

e.g. I left early to avoid getting stuck in the traffic.

save + V-ing

find a way not to do something you don’t want to

(tránh làm gì)

e.g. I bought a ticket in advance to save queuing.

save someone from + Ving

find a way not to do something you don’t want to

(tránh làm gì)

e.g. Computers are supposed to save you from doing a lot of extra work.

think of + V-ing/ consider + Ving

think about something in order to make a decision

(cân nhắc việc gì để đưa ra quyết định)

e.g. I am thinking of going to the USA for my summer holiday.

imagine + V-ing

think of something as possible

(tưởng tượng việc gì)

e.g. She never imagined becoming so famous.

dream of + V-ing

think about something that is desired but unlikely to happen

(mơ ước về việc gì)

e.g. I’ve always dreamt of living by the sea

wonder + what/ where, etc/ whether/ if + second subject + verb

wonder + what/ where, etc/

whether + infinitive with to

Ask yourself in the middle of uncertainty (tự hỏi)

e.g. I wonder why he’s late.

e.g. I am wondering what to do next.

remember/ forget + infinitive with to

remember something and then do it (nhớ phải làm gì)

forget something and then not do it (quên làm gì)

remember/ not forget + Ving

remember/ not forget something that happened in the past

(nhớ đã làm gì trong quá khứ)

e.g. I will never forget living in that flat.

remember/ forget that + clause

remember/ forget + what/ where, etc + second subject + verb

remember/ forget + what/ where, etc + infinitive with to

remember or forget facts and situations

(nhớ hoặc quên các sự việc, tình huống)

e.g. I remembered that she didn’t eat meat.

remind someone + infinitive with to

tell someone not to forget to do something

(nhắc ai làm gì)

e.g. Remind me to phone my parents this evening.

remind someone (+ that)

Make someone remember a fact or situation

(nhắc ai về việc gì)

e.g. Remind me that I’ve arranged to meet Kathy tomorrow.

remind someone of someone/ something

Cause someone to remember something

(gợi cho ai nhớ về việc gì)

e.g. Your story reminds me of something that once happened to me.

not mind + V-ing

be willing to do something

(sẵn lòng làm gì)

e.g. I don’t mind helping them.

not mind what/ where, etc./ whether/ if + subject + verb

it doesn’t matter (không quan trọng)

e.g. I don’t mind what other people think of me.

Would/ Do you mind + Ving?

Would you mind if + subject + past simple verb

Do you mind if + subject + present simple verb

to ask someone to do something

(yêu cầu ai làm gì)

e.g. Would you mind waiting here for a moment?

not matter to someone

It doesn’t matter (to someone) + what/ where, etc./ whether + second subject + verb

not be important to someone

e.g. Money doesn’t matter to him.

not care about + V-ing/ noun

not care + what/ when, etc./ whether + subject + verb

not be at all interested in something

e.g. He doesn’t care about doing his job properly.

Want

want + infinitive with to

want + someone + infinitive with to

Like/ Love/ Hate

like/ love/ hate + (someone) + V-ing

like/ love/ hate + (someone) + infinitive with to

like/ love/ hate it that/ when/ the way + subject + verb

Enjoy

enjoy + V-ing

enjoy + reflexive pronoun

enjoy + noun/ pronoun

Would like/ love

would like/ love + infinitive with to

wouldn’t like/ would hate + someone + infinitive with to

would like/ love/ hate + perfective infinitive with to

= would have liked/ loved/ hated + infinitive with to

be keen + infinitive with to

Joan was keen to impress his employees.

be keen on + noun/ V-ing

Alan is keen on photography.

be fond of + noun/ V-ing

Harry is fond of playing tricks on people.

be eager + infinitive with to

Rachel is eager to succeed in her career.

feel like + noun/ V-ing

I don’t feel like working here now.

fancy + object/ V-ing

Do you fancy seeing that movie?

be in the mood for + noun/ infinitive with to

I am in the mood for some fun.

be desperate for + noun/ infinitive with to

They are desperate for money.

have a desire for + noun/ infinitive with to

I had a strong desire for some chocolate/ to eat some chocolate.

appeal to + object

= be attractive to + object  attraction (n)

The idea of living in another country appeals to me.

= The idea of living in another country is attractive to me.

find + something + appealing

I find the idea of living in another country appealing

get the enjoyment/ pleasure out of/ from + V-ing

She gets a lot of enjoyment/ pleasure out of her hobbies.

have a good time = have fun

I hope you have a good time on holiday.

dislike + object/ V-ing

I dislike living in the suburb of the city

have/ show dislike for + object

He showed his dislike for me by being rude to me.

detest + object/ V-ing

I really detest the traffic jam here in rush hours.

have a hatred of + object/ V-ing

They are enemies and they have a strong hatred of each other.

object to + sth/ V-ing

= have an objection to + sth/ V-ing

Lots of people objected to the plan.

I have no objection to waiting a bit longer.

be opposed to + sth/ V-ing

= opposition to + sth

Many people were opposed to the new law.

disapprove of + someone + V-ing

She disapproves of me going out late.

keep out of

not get involved in (không can thiệp vào)

e.g. I kept out of the argument – it was nothing to do with me.

keep to

not change from (không thay đổi)

e.g. You’ve made a promise and you should keep to it.

keep up with

follow at the same speed as someone/ something (theo kịp ai/ cái gì)

e.g. He spoke so fast that I couldn’t keep up with him.

keep up

maintain (duy trì)

e.g. I found it difficult to keep up my focus.

put away

put something into place where it is kept (cất cái gì đi)

e.g. Don’t leave your clothes on the floor. Put them away.

put someone off

stop someone from concentrating (làm ai xao nhãng)

e.g. The noise outside put me off while I was working.

put something off

delay doing something until later

(trì hoãn cái gì)

e.g. Could we put off our meeting until next week?

put someone off something

cause someone not to want to do something

(khiến ai không còn muốn làm gì)

e.g. That bad experience has put me off going there again.

put on

put clothes onto your body (mặc quần áo)

e.g. I’d better put on a suit for the interview.

put someone through to someone

on the phone (nối máy cho ai)

e.g. Could you put me through to the manager, please?

put up with

tolerate (chịu đựng)

e.g. I’m not going to put up with your rudeness anymore.

put someone up

give someone a place to sleep

(cho ai ngủ tạm)

e.g. Don’t worry about getting home. We can put you up for the night.

make an appointment

đặt lịch hẹn

I would like to make an appointment with the manager, please

make friends with someone

I've made friends with several people on my course.

take into consideration/ account

tính đến, xem xét, cân nhắc

e.g. When making a decision, you should take into account all possible risks.

pay a visit to

Pay a visit to the history museum, it's really good.

put an emphasis on

nhấn mạnh vào

At school, they put a lot of emphasis on discipline.

reach a level

đạt đến một mức độ

After a few years, her income reached a high level.

keep in touch with

giữ liên lạc

I will keep in touch with you while I'm away