Pysch 4b

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Last updated 2:04 PM on 2/25/25
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19 Terms

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Drive-Reduction Theory
Behavior is motivated by biological needs to maintain homeostasis.
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Homeostasis
A balanced internal state (e.g., not too hungry, not too full).
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Arousal Theory
Suggests that humans are motivated to seek the optimal level of arousal, which varies by individual.
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Yerkes-Dodson Law
States that performance on tasks increases with arousal, but too much arousal for difficult tasks can lead to a decline in performance.
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Self-determination Theory
People are motivated by intrinsic (internal, e.g., self-esteem) or extrinsic (external, e.g., money) motivators.
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Incentive Theory
Behavior is motivated by external rewards.
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Instinct Theory
Many non-human animals are motivated by instincts, which are innate, fixed patterns of behavior in response to stimuli.
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Lewin's motivational conflicts theory

We are motivated to resolve conflict caused by having to make choices. 

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Approach-Approach Conflict
A situation where one must pick between two attractive choices (e.g., going to the beach or skiing).
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Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict
A situation where one must choose between two unattractive choices (e.g., eating broccoli or peas).
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Approach-Avoidance Conflict
A situation with one choice that has both desirable and undesirable outcomes (e.g., studying abroad vs. staying home).
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Sensation-Seeking Theory
A theory suggesting that the need for varied or new experiences motivates behavior.
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Experience Seeking
Looking for new experiences through the mind, senses, and a non-conforming lifestyle.
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Thrill or Adventure Seeking
Engaging in risky but socially acceptable activities, such as skydiving.
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Disinhibition
Seeking escape from regular life through partying and social drug/alcohol use.
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Boredom Susceptibility
Having a low tolerance for repetitive or uninteresting activities.
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Lateral Hypothalamus (LH)
Triggers feelings of hunger and the release of ghrelin.
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Ventromedial Hypothalamus (VMH)
Creates feelings of satiety and triggers the release of leptin.
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Ostracism
Being excluded from a social group.