Algorithmic Genetics Vocabulary Review

Vocabulary terms and definitions from the Algorithmic Genetics lecture notes covering DNA, genetic algorithms, and evolutionary concepts.

Algorithmic Genetics

The study and application of algorithms to genetic problems.

DNA

The abbreviation for Deoxyribonucleic Acid.

Gene

The basic unit of heredity.

Chromosomes

Structures found in the nucleus of a cell containing genetic information.

Mutation

A change in the DNA sequence.

Bioinformatics

A field that combines biology and computers.

Genetic algorithms

In biology-inspired computing, these are algorithms inspired by evolution.

Genome sequencing

The process used to identify the specific order of DNA.

Phenotype

The observable traits of an organism.

Genotype

The genetic makeup of an organism.

Natural selection

The process defined by the survival of the best adapted individuals.

Population genetics

The study of groups of organisms rather than single cells.

Crossover

A process occurring during cell reproduction related to genetic exchange.

Recombination

The process of mixing genetic material.

Fitness

In a genetic context, the ability to survive and reproduce.

Population (Genetic Algorithms)

In the context of GAs, a group of solutions.

Selection (Genetic Algorithms)

The step in a genetic algorithm that chooses the best solutions.

Mutation (Genetic Algorithms)

A function in genetic algorithms that introduces random change.

Optimization

The process of finding the best solution to a problem.

Sequence alignment

A computational method used to compare DNA sequences.

Computational biology

The use of computers for biological research and analysis.

Heredity

The process of passing traits from parents to offspring.

Simulation

A model of a real system.

Data analysis

The act of studying data to discover patterns.

Evolution

Biological change occurring over generations.

Algorithm

A step-by-step solution to a problem.

Genetic variation

A factor that assists in the adaptation of a species.